4.5 Hormonal control: Introduction and glucose

Question 1

Which two hormones control the level of glucose in the blood?

Answer 1

Insulin and glucagon

Question 2

What is glucose stored as in animals?

Answer 2

Glycogen

Question 3

How is glucose added to the blood?

Answer 3

Eating Carbohydrates

Question 4

how is glucose removed from the blood?

Answer 4

Cell metabolism, which is faster during exercise

Question 5

Where is excess glucose stored?

Answer 5

In the liver and muscles

Question 6

Why do animals store glucose as glycogen?

Answer 6

It is insoluble and compact

Question 7

Changes to blood glucose concentration are monitored and controlled by which organ?

Answer 7

Pancreas

Question 8

What is Negative feedback?

Answer 8

A response that brings a condition back to its optimum level e.g. insulin release brings glucose down to optimum.

Question 9

When blood glucose levels increase, which hormone is released by the pancreas?

Answer 9

Insulin

Question 10

When blood glucose levels decrease, which hormone is released by the pancreas?

Answer 10

Glucagon

hint: the ‘glucose-a-gone’

Question 11

What is the function of insulin?

Answer 11

Causes the liver and muscle cells to remove glucose from the blood and store is as glycogen.

Question 12

What is the function of glucagon?

Answer 12

Causes the liver to convert stores glycogen back into glucose and release it into the blood

Question 13

What is the name of the condition in which affects the persona ability to control blood glucose levels.

Answer 13

Diabetes

Question 14

What are the two forms of diabetes called?

Answer 14

Type 1 and type 2

Question 15

In which type of diabetes does the pancreas produce little or no insulin?

Answer 15

Type 1

Question 16

What does it mean if someone suffering from type 1 diabetes is receiving insulin therapy?

Answer 16

Several insulin injections per day

Question 17

Does a type 1 diabetes patient always inject the same amount of insulin? why?

Answer 17

The amount varies depending on diet and level of exercise

Question 18

A person with diabetes should take into account which two factors in their daily routine (aside from how much insulin they inject)?

Answer 18

Their carbohydrate intake and activity level

Question 19

In which type of diabetes does the person become resistant to their own insulin?

Answer 19

Type 2

Question 20

Does a type 2 diabetes patient still produce insulin from the pancreas?

Answer 20

Yes (it just is not recognised by the body)

Question 21

What is the risk main factors for developing Type two diabetes?

Answer 21

Being overweight (especially obese)

Question 22

How do type 2 diabetes patients usually control their blood sugar levels

Answer 22

Carbohydrate-controlled diet and regular exercise

Question 23

How does someone develop type 1 diabetes?

Answer 23

It is genetic

Question 24

Is diabetes a communicable disease?

Answer 24

No (it cannot be transmitted to those around a diabetes patient)