4.5 Carboxylic Acids & Esters Flashcards
1
Q
Describe decarboxylation & draw it
A
- removal of CO2 molecule
- shortening carbon chains
- heat with soda lime
2
Q
Describe the solubility of carboxylic acids
A
- soluble
- become less soluble as number of chains/branches increases
3
Q
Draw the dissociation of a carboxylic acid
A
4
Q
A
5
Q
Draw the ester functional group
A
6
Q
How are esters made?
A
- condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids
7
Q
Draw condensation reaction forming an ester
A
8
Q
How are acid chlorides made?
A
Carboxylic acid + SOCl2
9
Q
How are acid anhydrides made?
A
Carboxylic acid + carboxylic acid
10
Q
Draw acid hydrolysis of ethyl ethanoate
A
11
Q
Draw the base hydrolysis of ethyl ethanoate (saponification)
A
12
Q
Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fats
A
Saturated: don’t have double bonds
Unsaturated: have double bonds
13
Q
Test for carboxylic acids
A
- add a metal carbonate
- if CA present should see effervescence
14
Q
How are amides formed from carboxylic acids?
A
- react ammonium carbonate with carboxylic acid
- form ammonium salt which is dehydrated to form an amide
15
Q
Mechanism of formation of ethanamide
A
16
Q
How do you produce a nitrile from an amide?
A
Add P4O10 or dehydrate it
17
Q
A
