4.4 Digestive System - Break It Down

Question 1

Digestion

Answer 1

Breakdown of food into a form that can be used by an animal. It includes both mechanical digestion and chemical digestion.

Question 2

Mechanical digestion

Answer 2

Digestion that uses physical factors such as chewing with the teeth

Question 3

Chemical digestion

Answer 3

The chemical reactions changing food into simpler substances that are absorbed into the bloodstream for use in other parts of the body

Question 4

Alimentary canal

Answer 4

Passage from the mouth to the anus. Digestion of food occurs as it moves through the canal.

Question 5

Enzymes

Answer 5

Special chemicals that speed up reactions but are themselves not used up in the reaction

Question 6

Saliva

Answer 6

Watery substance in the mouth that moistens food before swallowing

Question 7

Salivary glands

Answer 7

Glands in the mouth that produce saliva

Question 8

Bolus

Answer 8

Round, chewed-up ball of food made in the mouth that makes swallowing easier

Question 9

Oesophagus

Answer 9

part of the digestive system composed of a tube connecting the mouth with the stomach

Question 10

Peristalsis

Answer 10

The process of pushing food along the oesophagus or small intestine by the action of muscles

Question 11

Small intestine

Answer 11

The part of the digestive system between the stomach and large intestine, where much of the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients takes place

Question 12

Nutrients

Answer 12

Substances that provide energy and chemicals that living things need to stay alive, grow and reproduce

Question 13

Gall bladder

Answer 13

A small organ that stores and concentrates bile within the body

Question 14

Lipases

Answer 14

Enzymes that breaks down fats and oils

Question 15

Pancreas

Answer 15

A large gland in the body that produces and secretes the hormone insulin and an important digestive fluid containing enzymes

Question 16

Porteases

Answer 16

enzymes that break proteins down into amino acids

Question 17

Large intestine

Answer 17

the penultimate part of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from the waste before it is transported out of the body

Question 18

Cellulose

Answer 18

a natural substance that keeps the cell wall of plants rigid

Question 19

Rectum

Answer 19

the final section of the digestive system, where waste food matter is stored as faeces before being excreted through the anus

Question 20

Emulsify

Answer 20

combine two liquids that do not normally mix easily

Question 21

Denatured

Answer 21

describes the condition of proteins after they have been overheated

Question 22

Substrate

Answer 22

substance acted upon by an enzyme

Question 23

Product

Answer 23

Pew chemical substance that results from a chemical reaction