4.4: Active transport Flashcards

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1
Q

Active transport

A

Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions into or out of a cell from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using:

  1. ATP
  2. Carrier proteins
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2
Q

Carrier proteins have a specific tertiary structure and will only transport what across a membrane?

A

Carrier proteins:

  1. Have a specific tertiary structure
  2. Will only transport particular substances across a membrane
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3
Q

Active transport differs from passive forms of transport in the following ways:
1. What in the form of ATM is needed?

A

Metabolic energy in the form of ATP is needed

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4
Q

Active transport differs from passive forms of transport in the following ways:

  1. Metabolic energy in the form of ATP is needed.
  2. Substances are moved against what?
A

Substances are moved against a concentration gradient

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5
Q

Active transport differs from passive forms of transport in the following ways:

  1. Metabolic energy in the form of ATP is needed.
  2. Substances are moved against a concentration gradient, from a lower to a higher concentration.
  3. What are involved?
A

Carrier protein molecules that act as ‘pumps’ are involved

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6
Q

Active transport differs from passive forms of transport in the following ways:

  1. Metabolic energy in the form of ATP is needed.
  2. Substances are moved against a concentration gradient, from a lower to a higher concentration.
  3. Carrier protein molecules that act as ‘pumps’ are involved.
  4. The process is very what?
A

The process is very selective

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7
Q

Active transport differs from passive forms of transport in the following ways:

  1. Metabolic energy in the form of ATP is needed.
  2. Substances are moved against a concentration gradient, from a lower to a higher concentration.
  3. Carrier protein molecules that act as ‘pumps’ are involved.
  4. The process is very selective, with what being transported?
A

The process is very selective, with specific substances being transported

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8
Q

Different carrier proteins are involved in facilitated diffusion and active transport, but any given protein carrier is very specific about what?

A

Different carrier proteins are involved in facilitated diffusion and active transport, but any given protein carrier is very specific about:

  1. What it carries
  2. By which method
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9
Q

Examples of active transport

A

Examples of active transport are:

  1. Absorbing glucose by the small intestine and kidney tubule cells
  2. Salt uptake by plant roots
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10
Q

Where are pumps located?

A

Pumps are located in membranes

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11
Q

Pumps are located in membranes.
Pumps are specific and transport certain substances, so different pumps transport different substances.
Increasing the concentration of the substance being transported increases the rate of transport up to a what point?

A

Increasing the concentration of the substance being transported increases the rate of transport up to a saturation point

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12
Q

Pumps are located in membranes.
Pumps are specific and transport certain substances, so different pumps transport different substances.
Increasing the concentration of the substance being transported increases the rate of transport up to a saturation point, where what is reached?

A

Increasing the concentration of the substance being transported increases the rate of transport up to a saturation point, where the optimum rate is reached

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13
Q

Carrier proteins in active transport combine with what?

A

Carrier proteins in active transport combine with the substance to be moved

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14
Q

Carrier proteins in active transport combine with the substance to be moved.
The carrier protein does what, which transports the substance to the other side of the membrane?

A

The carrier protein changes its shape, which transports the substance to the other side of the membrane

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15
Q

Carrier proteins in active transport combine with the substance to be moved.
The carrier protein changes its shape, which transports the substance to the other side of the membrane.
What is used to change the carrier molecule back to its original shape?

A

ATP is used to change the carrier molecule back to its original shape

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16
Q

Exocytosis

A

Exocytosis is when cells secrete a substance for use elsewhere

17
Q

Endocytosis

A

Endocytosis is phagocytosis

18
Q

Pinocytosis is how virtually all eukaryotic cells do what?

A

Pinocytosis is how virtually all eukaryotic cells continually form small enclosing vesicles of the surrounding fluid