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CAT B- Mod 4 Electronic Fundamentals > 4.3 Servomechanisms > Flashcards

4.3 Servomechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

What is a servo mechanism?

A

electromagnetic device that converts electricity into precise controlled motion using negative feedback mechanisms

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2
Q

What can servos be used to generate?

A

Linear or circular motion

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3
Q

What is a synchro mechanism?

A

type of rotary electrical transformer sensor used to measure the angle of a rotating machine, such as an antenna platform

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4
Q

What is an open loop?

A

human interface between input and output determines system accuracy, response time, and stability.

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5
Q

What do manually operated servo systems struggle with?

A

Overshoot, leading to poor response times and instability

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6
Q

What is an example of an open loop system?

A

Power assisted braking system, no auto feedback just the drivers judgment.

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7
Q

What is a closed loop system?

A

automatic error-actuated power control system

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8
Q

In a closed loop system what is the input?

A

Target at which the system is aiming for

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9
Q

In a closed loop system what is the controller?

A

Compares input to output

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10
Q

In a closed loop system what is the actuator?

A

Reacts to the controllers instructions

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11
Q

What is the error signal?

A

The amplified signal that is the difference between the input and the output.

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12
Q

What is the null voltage?

A

The mechanical imperfections in the transducer stator and rotor windings that should have no induced voltage but a little is.

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13
Q

What is the deadband?

A

An area of signal range where no action occurs, it prevents oscillation

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14
Q

How can the time lag be reduced?

A

Increasing the gain of the servo amplifier

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15
Q

What is the hunting?

A

Oscillation occurs as it overshoots, then undershoots, the movement gets smaller each swing until stable.

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16
Q

What is follow up?

A

behaviour of a servomechanism upon detection of an error.

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17
Q

What are the two different types of synchro system?

A

Torque systems and control systems

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18
Q

What happens in a toque system?

A

transmitted signal does the usable work without further amplification.

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19
Q

What happens in a control system?

A

synchro will provide a voltage for conversion to torque through an amplifier and a servomotor

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20
Q

What is the main difference between a transmitter or receiver synchro?

A

Receiver has low friction bearings to follow the movement of the transmitter accurately.

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21
Q

What is a synchro by definition?

A

Electromechanical transducer

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22
Q

What are simple synchro’s used for?

A

Dials and pointers

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23
Q

What components are required for heavier loads?

A

Amplifiers and motors

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24
Q

Would you use a control synchro for a heavy or light load?

A

Heavy

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25
Q

Due to shafts being cumbersome and hard to route, teleflex could be used what are the negatives to flex?

A

Friction and they can’t take heavy loads

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26
Q

What designation system do synchro system wires use?

A

ARINC (Aeronautical Radio Incorporated)

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27
Q

What colour is Stator 1:X wire?

A

Blue

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28
Q

What colour is stator 2: Z wire?

A

Black

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29
Q

What colour is Stator 3: Y wire?

A

Yellow

30
Q

What colour is Rotor 1:H wire?

A

Red and white

31
Q

What colour is rotor 2 : C wire?

A

Black and white

32
Q

What are the advantages of synchros?

A

Long distance
Routing
Small power
Lightweight
Cost

33
Q

What types of closed loops are there?

A

Positional
Rate
Computing

34
Q

What degree intervals are the stator windings placed at?

A

120

35
Q

How is the turning moment produced to move the rotor in the receiver?

A

Created by the interaction between the magnetic fields of the stator and the rotor.

36
Q

What happens when the two rotors are aligned?

A

The voltage is equal and opposite since they are wired in parallel and no current flows.

37
Q

When is torque present?

A

When current flows through the stators, generating magnetic fields.

38
Q

How is a torque movement acheived?

A

There has to be a differential angle between the transmitter rotor and receiver rotor

39
Q

What is the task of a differential transmitter?

A

Add or subtract angles.

40
Q

If both shafts are moved in the same direction what does the differential transmitter do?

A

Subtract

41
Q

In a differential transmitter the coupling and translations are chosen in which way?

A

That max voltages between two stator terminals are of the same magnitude as the max voltage between two rotor terminals.

42
Q

Indicating mechanisms take too much torque to turn, how can more torque be produced?

A

Addition of a servo mechanism

43
Q

What are the three types of control synchros?

A

Control Transmitter CX
Transformer CT
Differential Transmitter CDX

44
Q

What is the difference between a CX and CDX and a TX and TDX?

A

C have higher impedance

45
Q

Why do control windings have a higher impedance?

A

control systems draw far less current and provide an output voltage to a control transformer that outputs an error signal that controls a servo motor, which can drive a large load.

46
Q

What is a control transformer?

A

accurately governs some type of power amplifying device used for moving heavy equipment

47
Q

What two signals does the CT (transformer) compare?

A

Electrical signal applied to the stator and the mechanical signal applied to the rotor

48
Q

What is a resolver?

A

rotary electrical transformer used for measuring degrees of rotation

49
Q

What are the digital versions of a resolver?

A

Digital resolver and rotary pulse encoder

50
Q

What do resolvers allow you to monitor?

A

Flying control positions
Control input positions
Throttle position

51
Q

How does a resolver system differ from a control transmission?

A

Consists of a two phase stator and three phase rotor free to turn within the field of the stator

52
Q

How is a resolver transmitter rotor powered?

A

26V/115V 400Hz single phase AC

53
Q

What does LVDT stand for?

A

Linear Variable Differential Transformer

54
Q

What is an LVDT?

A

common type of electromechanical transducer that can convert the rectilinear motion of an object (to which it is coupled mechanically) into a corresponding electrical signal.

55
Q

What does rectilinear mean?

A

Motion restricted to a straight line

56
Q

What are the advantages of DC operated LDVTs?

A

Ease of installation
Simpler data
Use dry cell batteries
Lower cost

57
Q

What are the advantages of AC LDVTs?

A

Smaller
More accurate
Operate well at high temps

58
Q

Which law is a fundamental part of LDVTs?

A

Lenz- Secondary coils are parallel but with opposing polarity

59
Q

What does RVDT stand for?

A

Rotary Variable Differential Transformer

60
Q

What are RVDTs used for?

A

Produce electrical signal from rotational movement.

61
Q

What does an E and I bar offer?

A

Electrical signal from both linear and rotational movements.

62
Q

Why are E and I bars laminated?

A

To reduce the effects of eddy currents

63
Q

What is a common use of an induction transmitter?

A

Prox switch

64
Q

Magnetic prox switches are divided into what?

A

Integrated (vane)
Seperated

65
Q

What is a vane type prox switch?

A

Object passes through groove, object tends to be flat and ferromagnetic.

66
Q

What are the benefits of vane type?

A

high detecting accuracy, the switch exhibits less constraint conditions and greater ease-of-handling

67
Q

What is a capacitive sensor?

A

Can detect solid or liquid targets

68
Q

What are the four main parts of capacitive sensors?

A

Body
Face
Light
Cable

69
Q

What was the first DC servo system?

A

Desynn system

70
Q

What are the three types of desynn transmitters?

A

Toroidal resistor- rotary
Micro Desynn- linear for pressure
Slab- Pressure

CAT B- Mod 4 Electronic Fundamentals (5 decks)

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