4.3 Flashcards
why are scientific names given to organisms?
to prevent confusion from arising like when common names are used
what is the binomial system?
the way organisms are given there scientific name
what is the first part of the scientific name and what does it mean?
genus, it is shared by all closely realted species
what is the second part of the scientific name and what does it mean?
species name, defines the particular species in the genus
how do you write a scientific name ?
Genus (capitallised) species (non-capitalised)
what is a dichotomus key?
a key used to classify organisms that has two alternatives at each stage of teh key
what is taxonomy?
placeign organisms into groups based on feature that they have
list the hierachy of groups:
- kingdom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
list all five kingdoms:
- animalia
- plantae
- fungi
- portocista
- prokaryotae
list the feature of an oragnaims in the animalia kingdom:
multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs
what is a heterotope?
an organism that obtains energy as “ready made” organic molecules by ingesting material from other organisms
list the feature of an oragnaims in the plantae kingdom:
multicellular eukaryotes that are autotrophs
what is an autotroph?
an organism that make its own organic molecules though photosynthesis
list the feature of an oragnaims in the fungi kingdom:
multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs
whats is a heterotroph?
an organism that absorbs nutrients from decaying matter after external digestion
list the feature of an oragnaims in the protoctista kingdom:
eukaryotes that photosynthesise or feed on organic matter from other sources but are not included included in the other kingdoms (includes single cell protozoa and algae
list the feature of an oragnaims in the prokaryote kingdom:
prokaryotic organisms (includes bacteria and blue-green bacteria
what is genetic diversity?
the differnt and unique allele combinations in a population
what is species richness?
the amount of each species in a habitat
what is a domiant species?
the most common species in a habitat
what is a endemic organism?
an organism which is only found in one palce around the earth
