4.2c: Intermolecular forces & Polarity

Question 1

What are intermolecular forces?

Answer 1

a force that exists between molecules or between ions and molecules to influence the physical properties of substances

*** look at notebook for examples of each

Question 2

What is the Dipole-Dipole force

Answer 2

an intermolecular force of attraction between opposite partial charges of polar molecules

~ this attractive force would give increased MP/BP to molecules compared to similar-sized molecules with no dipole-dipole forces

Question 3

What is hydrogen bonding?

Answer 3

stronger than regular dipole-dipole force; a strong intermolecular force of attraction between opposite partial charges for molecules containing OH, NH and FH bonds

Question 4

What is the Ion-dipole force?

Answer 4

an intermolecular attraction between partial charges of polar molecules and ions
~ hydration is a good example

Question 5

What is the dipole-induced dipole force?

Answer 5

the intermolecular attraction due to a distortion caused by the dipole and inducing a temporary dipole in the non-polar molecule

Question 6

What is the London dispersion force?

Answer 6

(every single atom has LDF) weak intermolecular attraction between ALL molecules, including non-polar molecules due to the forming of temporary dipoles

~ LDF increases with increasing molar mass
~ LDF varies with molecular shape

Question 7

What is the Van der Waals Force?

Answer 7

the sum of all intermolecular forces acting on any molecule/atom/ion

Question 8

What is Ion-induced dipole force?

Answer 8

intermolecular attraction due to an distortion caused by the ion and inducing a temporary dipole in the non-polar molecule