421 Final: Risk Stratification (RF & Signs/Symptoms)

Question 0

Family History

Answer 0

• RF
• myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, OR sudden death in family member/1st deg relative
• M 55, W 65

Question 1

Age

Answer 1

• RF
• men >/= 45 years
• women >/= 55 years

Question 2

Smoking

Answer 2

• RF
• current smoker
• quit within last 6 months OR
• exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

Question 3

Sedentary Lifestyle

Answer 3

• RF

- not participating in that least 30 min, 3d/wk, for 3 months

Question 4

Obesity (2)

Answer 4

• RF
• BMI >/= 30 kgm2 OR
• WC > 102 men; >88 women

Question 5

Hypertension (3)

Answer 5

• RF
• SBP >/= 140 mmHg AND/OR
• DBP >/= 90 mmHg confirmed in 2 separate occasions
• OR on medication

Question 6

Dyslipidemia (4)

Answer 6

• RF
• total >/= 200 mg/dL
• LDL >/= 130
• HDL <40
• on medication

Question 7

Prediabetes

Answer 7

• RF
• Impaired fasting glucose/ fasting plasma >/= 100
• impaired glucose tolerance >/= 140 and =/< 199

Question 8

HDL

Answer 8

Negative RF

- >/= 60

Question 9

Prediabetes information missing/unknown counts as a RF if:

Answer 9

• > /=45 years old with BMI >/= 25 mL/kg/min

- < 45 years old with BMI >/= 25 and an additional CVD RF

Question 10

What are the first 4 major signs or symptoms of CVD listed?

A D D O

Answer 10

Angina
Dyspnea
Dizziness or syncope
Orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Question 11

Angina/Ischemia

Answer 11

Chest pain/discomfort- burning, constricting,

Not getting enough O2 to heart

Question 12

Dyspnea at rest or mild exertion

Answer 12

Shortness of breath

Question 13

Dizziness or syncope

Answer 13

Loss of consciousness or passing out caused by lack of perfusion to the brain

Question 14

Orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Answer 14

Positional shortness of breath- supine

Relieved by sitting/standing up

Question 15

Ankle edema

Answer 15

Swelling (fluid retention)

Characteristic of heart failure

Question 16

Palpations or Tachycardia

Answer 16

• awareness of forceful or rapid beating of the heart

- May be induced by various disorders or cardio rhythm

Question 17

Intermittent Claudication

Answer 17

Paint that occurs in a muscle with an inadequate blood supply that is stressed by exercise
- primarily in calves (sign of peripheral arterial disease)

Question 18

Known Heart Murmur

Answer 18

May indicate compromised valvular function (affect Q)- more information on heart murmur can make it NOT a sign or symptom

Question 19

Unusual Fatigue or Shortness of Breath with Usual Activities

Answer 19

May signal the onset of or change in the status of C,P, MD

Question 20

Recommendations for Medical Exam prior to initiating PA:

Answer 20

Low risk = none
Mod risk = med exams before VIG
High risk = med exam before any PA

Question 21

Recommendations for Supervision of Exercise Testing

Answer 21

Low = MD not needed- incident of risk low
Mod = no MD if adequately trained personnel
High = MD immediately available

Question 22

ACSM High Risk

Answer 22

Has a sign or symptom

Question 23

ACSM Moderate Risk

Answer 23

• no signs or symptoms

- >/=2 RF

Question 24

ACSM Low Risk

Answer 24

- no signs or symptoms | - < 2 RF

Question 25

What are the remaining 5 major signs/symptoms CVD? | A P I H U

Answer 25

``` Ankle edema Palpations or tachycardia Intermittent claudication Heart murmur (known) Unusual fatigue or shortness of breath ```