4.2 part 3 lmao

Question 1

late preterm birth

Answer 1

34-37 weeks

Question 2

moderate preterm birth

Answer 2

32-34 weeks

Question 3

very preterm birth

Answer 3

less than 32 weeks

Question 4

extremely preterm birth

Answer 4

less than 28 weeks

Question 5

low birth weight

Answer 5

less than 2500 g

Question 6

very low birth weight

Answer 6

less than 1500 g

Question 7

extremely low birth weight

Answer 7

less than 1000 g

Question 8

diffuse atelectasis, alveolar collapse, and pulmonary perfusion without ventilation due to insufficient surfactant production by an immature lung

Answer 8

neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Question 9

who does neonatal respiratory distress syndrome predominantly affect

Answer 9

preterm infants

Question 10

what is the most common cause of death in the first month of life

Answer 10

neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Question 11

risk factors for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 11

caucasians
males
multiple births
maternal DM

Question 12

clinical manifestations of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 12

tachypnea > 60/min
tachycardia
chest wall retractions
expiratory grunting
nasal flaring
cyanosis

Question 13

CXR for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 13

bilateral diffuse reticular (ground-glass) opacities + air bronchograms

Question 14

noninvasive management for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 14

nasal continuous positive airway pressure or nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation

Question 15

CNS disorder with muscle tone, movement, and postural abnormalities due to brain injury during perinatal or prenatal period

Answer 15

cerebral palsy

Question 16

hallmark of cerebral palsy

Answer 16

spasticity

Question 17

Diagnosis for cerebral palsy

Answer 17

primarily clinical but MRI required in all patients

Question 18

PE for cerebral palsy

Answer 18

hyperreflexia
limb-length discrepancies
congenital defects
persistent primitive reflexes

Question 19

Minimally invasive procedure where a laparoscope is inserted into the uterus to see the fetus and placenta

Answer 19

fetoscopy

Question 20

Best chance for curing twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome

Answer 20

fetoscopy

Question 21

abnormal communications in the female reproductive tract between the bladder urethra and ureters

Answer 21

urogenital fistula

Question 22

when do urogenital fistulas commonly occur

Answer 22

after hysterectomy

Question 23

painless urinary leakage from the vagina indicates what type of urogenital fistula

Answer 23

uretovaginal fistula

Question 24

continuous urinary incontinence indicates what type of urogenital fistula

Answer 24

vesicovaginal fistula

Question 25

Dye testing (PO phenazopyridine) – tampon test: blue staining for urogenital fistula

Answer 25

vesicovaginal fistula

Question 26

Dye testing (PO phenazopyridine) – tampon test: wetness w/ clear fluid for urogenital fistula

Answer 26

ureterovaginal fistula

Question 27

most common urogenital fistula

Answer 27

vesicovaginal fistula

Question 28

synthetic drug that mimics oxytocin

Answer 28

Pitocin

Question 29

stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscles and causes cervical dilation

Answer 29

Pitocin

Question 30

can Pitocin induce labor if cervix isn't ready?

Answer 30

nope

Question 31

complete transection of the uterus from the endometrium to the serosa

Answer 31

uterine rupture

Question 32

complete transection of the uterus from the endometrium to the serosa but the peritoneum remains intact

Answer 32

uterine dehiscence

Question 33

is uterine rupture life threatening

Answer 33

YES to mother and fetus

Question 34

risk factors for uterine rupture

Answer 34

previous uterine rupture prior c section

Question 35

decreased risk of uterine rupture

Answer 35

prior vaginal delivery before or after prior c section

Question 36

clinical manifestations of uterine rupture

Answer 36

sudden onset of extreme abdominal pain, decreased or absent uterine contractions

Question 37

management of uterine rupture

Answer 37

immediate laparotomy and delivery of fetus followed by immediate repair of uterus or hysterectomy

Question 38

definitive management of uterine rupture

Answer 38

hysterectomy

Question 39

entrance of meconium containing amniotic fluid into the respiratory tract resulting in respiratory distress, hypoxia, and acidosis

Answer 39

meconium aspiration

Question 40

meconium aspiration primarily occurs in what population

Answer 40

postterm infants and infants small for gestational age

Question 41

Clinical manifestations of meconium aspiration

Answer 41

respiratory distress

Question 42

what color will the umbilical cord be if meconium aspiration is a cause

Answer 42

yellow-green

Question 43

CXR for meconium aspiration

Answer 43

hyperinflation of lungs (flattened diaphragm and increased AP diameter)

Question 44

most effective management of meconium aspiration

Answer 44

PREVENTION -- prevention of post-term delivery > 41 weeks

Question 45

indications for operative vaginal delivery

Answer 45

prolonged 2nd stage of labor suspicion of fetal compromise (abnormal heart rate pattern)

Question 46

most common surgery performed in US

Answer 46

c section

Question 47

when should antibiotic prophylaxis be administered before c section

Answer 47

60 minutes before 1 g dose cephazolin IV (1 dose)

Question 48

VBAC

Answer 48

vaginal birth after cesarean

Question 49

TOLAC

Answer 49

trial of labor after cesarean

Question 50

what does ACOG recommend for delayed cord clamping

Answer 50

ACOG recommends a delay of at least 30 to 60 s in vigorous term and preterm infants who do not require resuscitation

Question 51

onset of postpartum blues

Answer 51

2-4 days postpartum

Question 52

clinical manifestations of postpartum blues

Answer 52

mild depression concern if she is a good mother no thoughts of harming baby

Question 53

when do postpartum blues resolve

Answer 53

1-2 weeks

Question 54

is treatment needed for postpartum blue

Answer 54

not usually cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 55

onset of postpartum depression

Answer 55

2 weeks - 2 months postpartum

Question 56

clinical manifestations of postpartum depression

Answer 56

loss of interest crying most days of the week may have thoughts of harming baby

Question 57

when does postpartum depression usually resolve

Answer 57

within 3-14 months

Question 58

treatment for postpartum depression

Answer 58

antidepressants (SSRI) cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 59

onset of postpartum psychosis

Answer 59

repeats weekly or biweekly

Question 60

clinical manifestations of postpartum psychosis

Answer 60

psychotic thoughts and delusions thoughts of harming baby (baby is in danger)

Question 61

Management of postpartum psychosis

Answer 61

admit patient and remove children to ensure safety antidepressants (SSRI) and antipsychotics cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 62

how many stages are there in labor

Answer 62

3

Question 63

stage one includes what phases

Answer 63

latent phase active phase

Question 64

latent phase

Answer 64

cervix effacement with gradual dilatin

Question 65

active phase

Answer 65

rapid cervical dilation usually beginning at 3-4 cm

Question 66

what phases are included in stage 2 of labor

Answer 66

passive phase active phase

Question 67

passive phase

Answer 67

complete cervical dilation to active maternal expulsive efforts

Question 68

active phase of stage 2 of labor

Answer 68

from active maternal expulsive efforts to delivery of fetus

Question 69

stage 3 of labor

Answer 69

postpartum until delivery of placenta 0-30 minutes (average is 5 minutes)

Question 70

3 signs of placental separation

Answer 70

gush of blood lengthening of umbilical cord anterior-cephalad movement of the uterine funds (becomes globular and firmer) after the placenta detaches

Question 71

cardinal movements of labor

Answer 71

engagement descent flexion internal rotation extension external rotation

Question 72

the uterus is at the level of what after delivery

Answer 72

umbilicus

Question 73

when does the uterus begin to shrink postpartum

Answer 73

2 days

Question 74

when does the uterus descend into the pelvic cavity postpartum

Answer 74

2 weeks

Question 75

when is the uterus back to normal size postpartum

Answer 75

6 weeks

Question 76

pinkish/brown vaginal bleeding postpartum

Answer 76

lochia serosa

Question 77

when do you see lochia serosa

Answer 77

4-10 days postpartum

Question 78

what is lochia serosa a result of

Answer 78

decidual tissue

Question 79

when does lochia serosa resolve

Answer 79

3-4 weeks postpartum

Question 80

what color is breast milk initially

Answer 80

bluish-white

Question 81

how long do you have bluish-white milk postpartum

Answer 81

3-5 days

Question 82

if not breast feeding, when may menses return

Answer 82

6-8 weeks

Question 83

early postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 83

within 24 hours postpartum

Question 84

delayed postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 84

> 24 hours up to 8 weeks postpartum

Question 85

4 T's associated with postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 85

Tone: uterus unable to contract to stop bleeding Tissue: retained placental tissue Trauma: to the cervix, perineum, or vagina, uterine rupture, etc Thrombin: coagulation abnormalities like hemophilia A or DIC

Question 86

Most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 86

uterine atony - uterus unable to contract to stop bleeding

Question 87

PE for postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 87

soft flaccid boggy uterus if uterine atony dilated cervix

Question 88

management of atony

Answer 88

bimanual uterine massage and compression are first line

Question 89

first line medication for postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 89

IV oxytocin to increase uterine contractions

Question 90

if retained products causing postpartum hemorrhage, what's the treatment

Answer 90

suction and curettage

Question 91

stimulation of uterine contractions to initiate labor prior to the onset of spontaneous labor

Answer 91

induction of labor

Question 92

absolute contraindications to induction of labor

Answer 92

transmural myomectomy placenta previa prolapsed cord active genital herpes transverse fetal lie uterine scar from c-section cephalopelvic disproportion

Question 93

induction of labor for woman with favorable cervix

Answer 93

IV oxytocin amniotomy - artificially rupturing membranes

Question 94

pre induction cervical ripening for women with unfavorable cervix (for labor induction)

Answer 94

prostaglandin gel -- promotes cervical ripening balloon catheter or laminaria - dilates the cervix