4.2 Organisation

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

The basic building blocks of all living organisms

Question 2

What is a tissue?

Answer 2

A group of cells with similar structure and function

Question 3

What are organs?

Answer 3

They are aggregations of tissues performing specific functions

Question 4

How are organs organised?

Answer 4

Organised into organ systems which work together to form organisms

Question 5

What is a digestive system?

Answer 5

An example of an organ system in which several organs work together to digest and absorb food

Question 6

What are enzymes ?

Answer 6

Biological catalysts

Question 7

What is an organ system?

Answer 7

Groups of organs that perform specific functions in the body

Question 8

What are lipids ?

Answer 8

They are fats and oils

Question 9

What are lipids made of ?

Answer 9

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 10

What do digestive enzymes convert food into?

Answer 10

Into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 11

What do carbohydrases do?

Answer 11

Break down carbohydrates to simple sugars

Question 12

What is amylase?

Answer 12

A carbohydrase which breaks down starch

Question 13

What does protease break down?

Answer 13

Proteins into amino acids

Question 14

What do lipases break down ?

Answer 14

Lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 15

What does denatured mean?

Answer 15

The breakdown of molecular structure of a protein so it no longer functions due to temperature or ph

Question 16

Where is bile bile made and stored?

Answer 16

Made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder

Question 17

What is bile?

Answer 17

An alkaline that neutralises stomach acid . Emulsifies fat to form small droplets which increase the surface area of the. The alkaline conditions and large surface area increase the rate of fat breakdown by lipase

Question 18

What is the difference between a complex carbohydrates and simple sugar?

Answer 18

Simple sugars are carbohydrates that contain only one or two sugar units whereas complex carbohydrates contain long chains of simple sugars

Question 19

Explain the lock and key theory?

Answer 19

The substrate is the key the active site is the the key hole and the enzyme is the lock the substrate fits into the active site forming a enzyme substrate complex and this fit allows the enzyme to help break down or build up the substrate, resulting in a product . Once the reaction is complete the product is released and ezy,enzyme can be used again

Question 20

What is a catalyst?

Answer 20

A substance that speeds up the rate of another reaction but is not used or changed itself

Question 21

What is an active site?

Answer 21

The site on an enzyme where the reactants bind

Question 22

What is metabolism and how does it link to metabolism?

Answer 22

The sum of all the reactions taking place in a cell or the body of an organism . Different enzymes catalyse specific metabolic reactions