4.2 Flashcards
Covalent compound
Non-metal + non-metal
Ionic compound
Metal + non-metal
How to get Mass number
Protons + neutrons
How to get neutrons
Mass number - protons….
Round the mass number
Rules for naming ionic compounds
- Non-metal always ends in “ide” suffix
- Metals always go first, non-metals second
- Metal uses its full name
Rules for writing chemical formulas
- Identify charge for ions
- Determine if charges are balanced
- If charges are balanced, count # of ions for formula
- If charges are not balanced, then balance charges and go to #3
Rules for naming ionic compounds with multitalented metals
- Metals always comes first
- Non-metals go second with “ide” suffix
- If metal is multitalented use Roman numerals
- Non-metals NEVER have Roman numerals
Polyatomic ions
Groups of atoms covalently bonded together
Act as a single unit when forming compounds
Rules for naming ionic compounds with polyatomic ions
- Positive ion named first
- Negative ion named 2nd
- Single elements follow previous naming system
- Poly ions use theirs and scientific name
Mono
1
Di
2
Tri
3
Tetra
4
Penta
5
Hexa
6
Hepta
7
Octa
8
Nona
9
Deca
10
Rules for writing covalent compounds
- First non-metal uses its full name, second non-metal has “ide” suffix
- Second non-metal always has prefix
- First non-metal has prefix if more than 1 atom
CH
4
Methane
NH
3
Ammonia
CO
2
Carbon dioxide
H O
2
Dihydrogen monoxide
AKA water
H PO
3. 4
Phosphoric acid
HCl
Hydrochloric acid
H. SO
2. 4
Sulphuric acid
Diatomic molecules
H O F Br I N Cl
Subscript
The small number written to the right of a symbol
