4.1

Question 1

Shell

Answer 1

An area around the nucleus where electrons exist

Question 2

Period

Answer 2

A horizontal row on the periodic table

Question 3

Family

Answer 3

A vertical column on the periodic table

Question 4

Ionic bonding

Answer 4

when one or more electrons transfers from a metal to non-metal

Question 5

Covalent bonding

Answer 5

Chemical bonding that results from a sharing of valence electrons

Question 6

Smallest particle of an element that can exist by itself?

Answer 6

Atom

Question 7

What is responsible for bonding?

Answer 7

Electrons

Question 8

Atoms

Answer 8

Composed of protons and neutrons, and electrons

Question 9

Bohr diagrams

Answer 9

Show the arrangement of protons, neutrons, and electrons in atoms and ions

Shows how many electrons are in each shell surrounding the nucleus

Question 10

Ions

Answer 10

Atoms that have lost or gained electrons

Question 11

Lewis diagrams

Answer 11

Show the arrangement of bonds within compounds by showing only an atoms’s valence electrons and the chemical symbol

Question 12

Compound

Answer 12

A pure substance that is composed of 2 or more atoms combined in a specific way

Question 13

Chemical changes

Answer 13

Changes in the ways the atoms and molecules in a pure substance are arranged

Question 14

Subatomic particles

Answer 14

Particles that make up an atom

Question 15

Relative mass of proton

Answer 15

1836 x more massive than an electron

Question 16

Relative mass of neutron

Answer 16

1837 x bigger than an electron

Question 17

Relative mass of electron

Answer 17

1

Almost 0

Question 18

Who discovered the atom?

Answer 18

Aristotle came up with the idea that stuff is made of small particles called “atoms”.

Question 19

Molecule

Answer 19

2 or more of the same atoms

Question 20

Matter

Answer 20

Anything with mass or volume

Question 21

Nuclear charge

Answer 21

Electric charge

Found by counting number of protons

Question 22

Atomic number

Answer 22

Same as nuclear charge

Same as number of protons

Question 23

Alkali metals

Answer 23

Very reactive

Question 24

Alkali earth metals

Answer 24

Some what reactive

Question 25

Halogens

Answer 25

Very reactive

Question 26

Noble gasses

Answer 26

Very un-reactive gaseous non-metals

Question 27

Transition metals

Answer 27

Families 3-12

Question 28

JJ Thomson

Answer 28

Discovered electrons
Crooks tube/ cathode ray tube
Plum pudding model

Question 29

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 29

Discovered protons
Gold foil experiment
Nuclear model of atom

Question 30

James Chadwick

Answer 30

Discover neutrons

Question 31

Atoms volume

Answer 31

Electrons take up 99.99% of the volume of an atom

Question 32

Atoms mass

Answer 32

99.99% of the atoms mass comes from the nucleus

Question 33

Niels Bohr

Answer 33

Discovered that electrons were arranged in energy shells or levels in specific patterns

Question 34

Cation

Answer 34

Positive charged atom

Lose electrons

Question 35

Anion

Answer 35

Negative charged atom

Gains electrons

Question 36

Covalent compound

Answer 36

Formed when non-metal atoms share electrons to form covalent bonds

Question 37

Lone pair

Answer 37

A pair of electrons that aren’t used binding

Question 38

Bonding pair

Answer 38

Pair of electrons involved in a covalent bond

Question 39

Isotopes

Answer 39

Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons

Neutral charge

Mass is different

Question 40

Diatomic molecules

Answer 40

A pair of atoms joined by covalent bonds

2 makes it more stable