4.18 Flashcards
Scope of transportation in Tokyo
30 train operators running 121 passenger railway lines across 2070km
-3 passengers for every 1sqm is considered full
Shinjuku line has 130% congestion rate in Greater Tokyo
3 causes of the trasnportation problem in Tokyo?
- Rapid urban growth
- Over emphasis on CBD
- Urban sprawl
Explain/give stats for rapid urban growth
-Large population enjoying rising living standards resulted in increased private vehicle ownership and subsequently more traffic
-In 2019, there was 3.9 milion vehicles in metro, 15.1 million in Greater Tokyo
-In 2020 there was 850,000 vehicles on Tokyo’s expressway
Over emphasis on Central Business District (explain + stats)
-Major roads meet in radial pattern
-Over 4,300 companies in CBD, causing over 230,000 people converge to the city centre each day
-Narrow winding street no capaable of traffic
explain and give stats for urban sprawl in Tokyo
-Increasing location of households at the periphery of TMA encouraged by employers subsidising commuting costs
-As population increased, real estate prices became expensive, resulted in private train companies buying and developing housing along Periphery (Yokohsma and Shibuya)
-Leads to congestion on the roads/railways
Social Impacts
Frustration
Public health: Increased risk to those with asthma and respiratory disease due to pollution and noise
Loss of quality of life: Physical discomfort, mental stress and fatigue for passengers
Harassment: In 2000 women surveyed 2/3 woman aged 20-40 reported sexual assault on trains
Environmental Impacts
AIR POLLUTION- Transportation is one of the leading causes of GHG with increasing nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide, degrading the air quality leading to climate change.
Economic impacts
TMG estimated that the cost of congestion is 10 trillion yen or 100 billion AUD per year- (productivity loss, wear and tear, poor fuel effciency)
