4.16 International relations, 1962-1966

Question 1

when was china in war with india?

Answer 1

1962

Question 2

how did the ussr help india in the 1962 war between china and india?

Answer 2

supplied with military aircraft and diplomatic support

Question 3

what two stances did mao take on the cuban missile crisis? when was it?

Answer 3

1962
- mao criticised khrushchev as his decision to place missiles in cuba was reckless
- mao also said his withdrawal of missiles under USA pressure was seen as a surrender

Question 4

what did krushchev do that angered mao in 1963?

Answer 4

agreed to nuclear test ban treaty with usa and britain

Question 5

list the issues of sino-soviet relations after 1962

Answer 5

• cuban missile crisis
• nuclear test ban treaty
• border dispute over xinjiang
• interference in india-china war
• china’s rapid nuclear weapon development

Question 6

what agreement was made over xinjiang in 1949? between whom?

Answer 6

prc and ussr to co-operate over xinjiang’s mineral wealth

Question 7

what happened in xinjiang 1950-55?

Answer 7

soviet engineers and technicians drill for oil and mine metal ores working on co-op projects

Question 8

how did xinjiang progress in 1955?

Answer 8

• join projects ended by chinese
• soviet experts withdrawn

Question 9

what happened in xinjiang in 1962?

Answer 9

• 60,000 uighurs crossed into soviet tajikistan to escape famine
• chinese accused soviets of deliberately encouraging the migration to destabilise chinese control of xinjiang

Question 10

what happened over xinjiang in 1964?

Answer 10

• ussr and prc to enter talks to solve border dispute
• both sides increased their military forces along the border

Question 11

what did china think about the 1892 border treaty about xinjiang? did they have thoughts on other borders?

Answer 11

• saw it as unequal
• tajikistan historically belonged to china and should be returned

Question 12

what agreement was signed with ussr in 1957?

Answer 12

soviet experts would help china to develop its nuclear weapons

Question 13

when were soviet experts withdrawn from china? what did china to after?

Answer 13

1960, china set up secret bases in qinghai and ningxia

Question 14

when was the first test explosion of a chinese atomic bomb?

Answer 14

1964

Question 15

when was the first test explosion of a chinese hydrogen bomb?

Answer 15

1967q

Question 16

how did the fact that china had not signed the nuclear test ban treaty in 1963 impact their nuclear testing?

Answer 16

they could test in the atmosphere

Question 17

what was the ussr’s concern with china’s nuclear testing? how was this demonstrated in 1969?

Answer 17

china had upset the strategic balance in the world
- soviet leadership considering a nuclear strike against china

Question 18

what did the beijing review call the atom bomb?

Answer 18

a paper tiger (threatening but ineffectual)

Question 19

what did the bejing review say china’s intentions were with the atom bomb?

Answer 19

• to break the nuclear monopoly
• never to be the first to use a nuclear bomb

Question 20

when was the agreement to end french colonial rule of vietnam? what was in this agreement?

Answer 20

1954
- divide vietnam into north and south

Question 21

what was established in south vietnam, 1960?

Answer 21

national liberation front with objetive of reuniting two parts of country under communists

Question 22

what were the vietcong?

Answer 22

guerrilla sighters of the NLF

Question 23

where was president diem president of?

Answer 23

south vietnamese government

Question 24

which side did the USA intervene on? how did they intervene?

Answer 24

president diem
- supplied army with south with arms
- provided military advisers

Question 25

what was the gulf of tonkin incident? when?

Answer 25

1964, crash between american warship, aircraft and north vietnamese naval ship. led to us congress authorising president to increase american intervention

Question 26

give an example of the usa’s extra commitment to the war after 1964

Answer 26

bomb targets in north vietnam, including capital hanoi