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4.1 basic concepts of organic chemistry > 4.1.1 Basic concepts of organic chemistry > Flashcards

4.1.1 Basic concepts of organic chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the definition of a homologous series?

A

a series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2

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2
Q

what is the definition of a functional group?

A

a group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of the compound

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3
Q

what is the formula for an alkyl group?

A

Cn H2n+1

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4
Q

what is an aliphatic hydrocarbon?

A

a compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings

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5
Q

what is an alicyclic hydrocarbon?

A

an aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains

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6
Q

what is an aromatic?

A

a compound containing a benzene ring

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7
Q

what is a general formula?

A

the simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series

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8
Q

what is a structural formula?

A

the minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule

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9
Q

what is a displayed formula?

A

the relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them

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10
Q

what is a skeletal formula?

A

the simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional group

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11
Q

what is a σ-bond?

A

overlap of orbitals directly between the bonding atoms

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12
Q

what is a π bond?

A

sideways overlap of adjacent p-orbitals above and below the bonding C atoms

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13
Q

what are structural isomers?

A

compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

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14
Q

what is homolytic fission?

A

each bonding atom receives one electron from the bonding pair, forming 2 radicals

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15
Q

what is heterolytic fission?

A

one bonding atom receiving both electrons from the bonded pair

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16
Q

what is a radical?

A

a species with an unpaired electron

17
Q

what does a curly double headed arrow represent?

A

the movement of an electron pair

18
Q

what is a saturated compound?

A

compounds with single carbon carbon bonds only

19
Q

what is an unsaturated compound?

A

compounds with a presence of multiple carbon carbon bonds, including carbon carbon double, triple, single and aromatic rings

4.1 basic concepts of organic chemistry (9 decks)

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