4.1.1 Basic Concepts Of Core Organic Chemsitry (naming + Representing Formulae) Flashcards
What’s organic chemistry the study of
Compounds contain carbon
What can ‘organic’ compounds only be made by
Living organisms
How are organic compounds all bonded
Covalently (share electrons)
What causes the 3D shape
Electrons repelling
What’s the molecule shape if methane
4 bonds
Tetrahedral
What’s a ‘family’
Homologous series with same functional group (last name)
What carbon bonds do alkanes have
Single c-c
First 10 alkanes
Methane Ethane Propane Butane Pentane Hexane Heptane Octane Nonane Decade
Formula of methane, ethane, propane
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
What are the bond angles at each carbon atom usuallly in an alkane
Why
109.5*
Gives maximum distance that 4 electron pairs from each covalent bond can be apart (repels)
General formula of alkane
CnH2n+2
What do memebers of the alkane family have similar if
Similar chemical properties + physical properties
When do melting + boiling points increase in alkanes
As size and intermolecular forces increase (van der waals)
What’s the general formula for the alkene homologous series
CnH2n
What are alkanes as they contain only single bonds
Saturated
Why are alkenes unSaturated
They contain double bonds that can react with hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction