4.10.3 Using materials Flashcards

1
Q

What is corrosion?

A

Corrosion is the destruction of materials by chemical reactions with substances in the environment.

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2
Q

What is rusting?

A

Rusting is an example of corrosion that occurs when iron reacts with air and water.

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3
Q

How can corrosion be prevented?

A

Corrosion can be prevented by applying a coating that acts as a barrier, such as greasing, painting, or electroplating.

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4
Q

What is sacrificial protection?

A

Sacrificial protection involves using a more reactive metal to protect another metal from corrosion, such as zinc used to galvanize iron.

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5
Q

What are alloys?

A

Alloys are mixtures of two or more metals, commonly used in everyday materials.

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6
Q

What is bronze?

A

Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.

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7
Q

What is brass?

A

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.

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8
Q

How is the purity of gold measured in alloys?

A

The purity of gold in alloys is measured in carats, with 24 carat being 100% pure gold and 18 carat being 75% gold.

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9
Q

What are the properties of high carbon steel?

A

High carbon steel is strong but brittle.

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10
Q

What are the properties of low carbon steel?

A

Low carbon steel is softer and more easily shaped.

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11
Q

What are stainless steels?

A

Stainless steels are alloys of iron that contain chromium and nickel, making them hard and resistant to corrosion.

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12
Q

What is soda-lime glass?

A

Soda-lime glass is made by heating a mixture of sand, sodium carbonate, and limestone.

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13
Q

What is borosilicate glass?

A

Borosilicate glass is made from sand and boron trioxide and melts at higher temperatures than soda-lime glass.

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14
Q

How are clay ceramics made?

A

Clay ceramics are made by shaping wet clay and then heating it in a furnace.

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15
Q

What affects the properties of polymers?

A

The properties of polymers depend on the monomers they are made from and the conditions under which they are produced.

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16
Q

What is the difference between thermosoftening and thermosetting polymers?

A

Thermosoftening polymers melt when heated, while thermosetting polymers do not melt when heated.

17
Q

What are composites?

A

Composites are made of two materials, with a matrix or binder surrounding and binding together fibres or fragments of the other material.