4.1 Summary Flashcards
1933 events
24th March - Enabling act
31st March - 1st Law for the coordination of the Federal States
7th April- Law for the Restoration of a Professional Civil Service
22nd June - SPD outlawed
5th July - Centre party voluntarily disbanded
14th July - Law against formation of new parties
12th November - Nazis win 92 % in November elections
1934 Events
30th Jan - Law foe Reconstruction of the Reich 14th Feb - Reichstrat abolished 30th June - The Night of the Long Knoves 2nd Aug - Hindenburg dies 19th Aug - Hitler takes the title Fuhrer
Why did Hitler view other political parties with contempt?
Saw them as mere election machines, which represent narrow sectional interest of the nation as a whole
Explain how the following parties ceased to exist
KPD - banned after the Reichstag Fire
SPD - Outlawed as a hostile party
Centre Party - Voluntarily disbanded 5th July
DNVP - Voluntarily disbanded 27th June
What law was passed to outlaw all non-Nazi political parties?
14 July 1933 - the law against the formation of New Parties outlawed all non-nazi parties
Why did the Nazis move Germany away from the federal structure?
Paved the way for the centralisation of power within the whole reich
What were the four main laws passed to centralise power?
31st March 1933- First Law for the Co-ordination of the Federal states dissolved the existing state assemblies and replaced them with Nazi-dominated assemblies
7th April 1933- The second Law for the co-ordination of Federal states created the new post of Reich Governor to oversee the government of each state
30th Jan 1934- Law for the Reconstruction of the Reich, state assemblies abolished, took centralisation further
14th Feb 1934- Reichstrat abolished
Give two methods the Nazis used to control local goverments
Nazis instituted violent campaigns to oust political opponents from local positions
Nazi leaders took over the roles of Reich governors within their areas
How was the civil service dismantled
Many local officials were forced to resign and were replaced by Nazi Party appointees. Nazi SA replaced Party officials in government office to ensure that civil servants were carrying out the orders of the regime
How many members did the SA have by the beginning of 1934
3 million
What had they gained, apart from members, since the NSDAP took power?
legal authority
Why were the SA no longer as important after Hitler started leading the country as chancellor
No more political threats
Give three reasons why the Night of the Long Knives took place
- ambitions of the SA and its leader, Rohm were regarded as a serious threat by army leaders
- Eliminate political opponents
- Secure the army’s support
How many died in the violence?
84 executed, close to 1000
Who was the most significant member to be killed?
Ernst Rohm
- leader of the SA
- close ally, old friend of Hitler’s
