4.1 Stock Frorms of Metals Flashcards
Give me some examples of ferrous metals
- Low carbon steel
- Medium carbon steel
- White cast iron
- Grey cast iron
What are ferrous metals?
Metals that contain iron, they are magnetic and can rust
What are non-ferrous metals?
Metals that do not contain iron, are non-magnetic and don’t rust
Give me some examples of non-ferrous metals
- Aluminium
- Copper
- Silver
- Gold
- Titanium
- Tin
What are alloys?
Alloys are a combination of two or more metals (or two or more elements, one of which must be a metal)
What are the characteristics of Low-carbon steel?
It’s malleable, ductile and relatively inexpensive compared to other metals
What are some applications for Low-carbon steel?
Nuts, bolts and automotive parts
What are the characteristics of Medium-carbon steel?
It is less ductile than low-carbon steel, it’s hard, malleable, tough and with good tensile strength
What are some applications for Medium-carbon steel?
Springs, gears, rail tracks and machined parts
What are the characteristics of Grey cast iron?
It distributes heat evenly, it’s very hard, and it has good resistance to oxidation, however, it’s brittle
What are some applications for Grey cast iron?
Radiators, cookware and stoves
What are the characteristics of White cast iron?
It has excellent resistance to abrasion, it’s hard and brittle but has a greater tensile strength (and less carbon) than grey cast iron.
What are some applications for White cast iron?
Extrusion nozzles, dies, stone crushers and industrial rollers
What are the characteristics of Aluminium?
It has an excellent strength-to-weight ratio; it’s soft, malleable and has a natural oxide layer which helps prevent corrosion
What are some applications for Aluminium?
Window frames, aeroplane parts, bicycles
What are the characteristics of Copper?
It’s malleable and extremely ductile, it’s an excellent conductor of electricity and heat
What are some applications for Copper?
Electrical wire, motors, hot water pipes and pans
What are the characteristics of Zinc?
It’s ductile and easily worked, it has a layer of oxide giving it excellent corrosion resistance
What are some applications for Zinc?
As a sacrificial anode, for galvanizing, roofing material and batteries
What are the characteristics of Silver?
It’s ductile, and it’s the best electric and thermal insulator
What are some applications for Silver?
Jewellery, electronics, mirrors
What are the characteristics of Gold?
It’s one of the least reactive metals, It’s very ductile and malleable and it doesn’t tarnish
What are some applications for Gold?
Jewellery, electronics and dentistry
What are the characteristics of Titanium?
It’s a low-density, durable metal with a high melting point.
It’s highly resistant to corrosion and has a great strength-to-weight ratio
