4.1 Protein Synthesis

Question 1

triplet code

Answer 1

every three bases (codon) codes for an amino acid

Question 2

introns

Answer 2

non coding sequences

Question 3

genome

Answer 3

the complete set of genes in an organisms DNA

Question 4

proteome

Answer 4

the complete set of proteins produced by the genome at any one time

Question 5

transcription

Answer 5

DNA helicase unzips double helix breaking H bonds
one strand acts at template
complementary free RNA nucleotides join to exposed base
U-A and C-G
join by RNA polymerase
pre-mRNA formed]introns spliced to create mRNA

Question 6

translation

Answer 6

mRNA leaves nucleus and attaches to ribosome
tRNA brings specific amino acid
anticodons of tRNA complementary to codon on mRNA
amino acids join by peptide bond in a condensation reaction using ATP
ribosome moves along mRNA
polypeptide stops when stop codon reached