4.1 Production Processes Flashcards
Define job production.
The process of production where products are made individually.
Define batch production.
The process of production where one type of product is made and then production is switched to make a different product.
What is flow production.
The production of one product that takes place continuously using a production/assembly line. This is sometimes called mass production.
Define automation.
A production process involving machinery that is not controlled by a person, but usually controlled by a computer.
List the three main methods of production.
Job production
Flow production
Batch production
State three advantages of job production
High quality products.
Products can be tailored to meet individual customer needs.
Workers often more satisfied from working on something until it is finished.
State three disadvantages of job production.
High costs of production.
Skilled labour required.
High labour costs.
State three advantages of batch production.
The needs of different customers can be met by making different batches.
Batches made to specific orders may reduce costs because finished goods do not need to be stored.
Automation may be possible, reducing costs.
State three disadvantages of batch production.
Time taken to switch from one batch to another.
May need to keeps stocks of materials and components - cash flow issues and storage costs.
Usually less choice of products than job production.
Tasks may be repetitive and boring for the workers.
State three advantages of flow production.
Large amounts can be made.
Low units costs of production (due to economies of scale).
Machinery can be used, increasing productivity.
State three disadvantages of flow production.
Mass produced goods may not be of good quality (but not always).
Very expensive to set up production line.
Stops on the line can shut down the whole of production.
Jobs on a production line can be repetitive and boring.
