4.1 enzymes

Question 1

enzymes

Answer 1

catalysts, reduce activation energy required for chemical reactions

Question 2

substrate

Answer 2

reactant which binds to enzyme

Question 3

active site

Answer 3

where substrate fits into enzyme

Question 4

Reaction specific

Answer 4

each enzyme has a specific substrate

Question 5

Not consumed in reaction

Answer 5

single enzyme can do lots of reactions

Question 6

Enzymes are made of…

Answer 6

protein

Question 7

Affected by cellular conditions

Answer 7

can be denatured

Question 8

How do you name enzymes?

Answer 8

Reactions they catalyze, most end in -ase

Question 9

Induced Fit Model

Answer 9

Enzyme fits around substrate, less activation energy needed

Question 10

Enzyme Concentration

Answer 10

as ^ enzyme ^ reaction rate, more collisions, reaction rate levels off, substrate is a limiting factor

Question 11

Substrate Concentration

Answer 11

As ^ substrate ^ reaction rate, enzyme is limiting factor

Question 12

Temperature

Answer 12

Optimum Temp is 37 degrees Celsius, greatest # of successful collisions, human enzymes 35-40

Question 13

pH

Answer 13

pepsin (stomach) 2.3, trypsin (small intestine) 8

Question 14

ON

Answer 14

maintain/change active site shape, activator/cofactors are inorganic ions, coenzymes are vitamins

Question 15

OFF

Answer 15

inhibitors reduce enzyme activity, competitive compete with substrate, noncompetitive change shape to prevent binding