4.1 Classification of skills Flashcards
What is the simple-complex continuum
amount of decisions that have to be made to perform a skill
What is a complex skill
-give example
-lots of decisions to make
in order to perform the skill require concentration
- e.g.pass in hockey
What is a simple skill
-give example
- hardly any decisions to make
- E.g. a sprint start in swimming
What is the open-closed continuum
effects of environment on skills
What is an open skill
-give example
- movements that have to be constantly adapted depending on what’s happening around you.
- E.g. pass in football depends where your team mates and opposition are
What is a close skill
-give example
not affected by environment- predictable movement.
-E.g. a free throw in basketball
What is the pcaing continuum
refers to the timing of movements
What are self-paced skills
-give example
where performer controls speed/ timing at which the skill is performed.
-E.g. Javelin throw
What are externally-paced skills
-give example
where environment (opponent) controls speed/timing of skill performed.
-E.g. receiving a serve in badminton
What is the gross-fine skills continuum
concerned with the precision of movement
What are gross skills
involve large muscle movements
- skills are not precise
- e.g. tackling in rugby, jumping to catch a ball in netball
What are fine skills
involve small muscle movements
- require precision,
- e.g. throwing a dart
What is the discrete- serial- continuous continuum
how well defined the beginning and end of skill are
What are discrete skills
- clear beginning and end
- sing, specific skill
- e.g. penalty flick in hockey
What are serial skills
- involve set of discrete skills put together to create one movement
- e.g. triple jump
What are continuous skills
- don’t have a clear beginning and end
- same action repeated.
- E.g. cycling
What is the high-low organistaion continuum
way in which skill is organised
What are high orgasnisation skills
- skills that are difficuklt to break down into sub routunes
- e.g. dribbling the ball in basketball
What are low orgasnisation skills
- skills that are easy to seperate into sub-royutines
- e.g. tennis serve
What is whole practice
skill is practiced without breaking it down into sub-routines- skill carried out in its complete form
- good for high organisation and continuous skills- which are hard to break down into sub-routines
- e.g. golf swing
What is part practice
skill is broken down into sub routines- particular part of skill is practiced and improved
- good for low organisation skills- easy to break into sub-routines
- e.g. breast- stroke in swimming
What is whole part whole practice
whole skill is practised- then practise sub-routines in parts- then put sub-routines back together and practise whole skill again
- good for low organisation and serial skills where skill can be easily split into sub-routines
- e.g. triple jump
What is progressive part practice
chaining-skill is broken down into sub-routines- links of a chain- first link is practiced, second link is practiced and then practised together
- low organisation and serial skills- easy to break down into sub-routines
- e.g. triple jump
What is massed practice
continuous practice session. With no rest intervals- repeat skills
-Good for some gross skills- builds up strength, delays fatigue
What is distributed practice
involves regular rest intervals, useful to use with tiring sports- could be used for feedback/ tasks unrelated to the session
- good for complex skills
- e.g. swimming
What is fixed practice
practising in a stable and predictable environment
-e.g. practising a javelin throw
What is varied practice
varying/ a range of environments
