4.1) AI and automation

Question 1

Why learn about artificial intelligence (AI) and automation? (2)

Answer 1

• Artificial intelligence (AI) has been in development for more than sixty years
  *As we look to the future, it is important for organizations and managers to understand artificial intelligence and automation and their applications, including how these fields will continue to develop

Question 2

What is artificial intelligence?

Answer 2

*Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate
the functions of the human brain

Question 3

• ___________ is a supercomputer developed by
  IBM with AI capabilities
  *Watson defeated two Jeopardy champions
  using natural _____________ processing

Answer 3

Watson
language

Question 4

What does AI include? (2)

Answer 4

*Include people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that can simulate human intelligence processes
* Learning, reasoning, and self-correction

Question 5

True or false, AI is a complex, interdisciplinary field

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What fields is AI involved in? (7)

Answer 6

*Involves biology, computer science, linguistics,
mathematics, neuroscience, philosophy, and
psychology

Question 7

What does the Turning Test attempt to do?

Answer 7

The Turing Test attempts to determine whether a computer can successfully impersonate a human

Question 8

What does intelligent human behavior include? (3)

Answer 8

*Learn from experiences and apply knowledge acquired from experience
*Handle complex situations
*Solve problems when important information is missing

Question 9

What is the nature of intelligence? (6)

Answer 9

*Determine what is important
*React quickly and correctly to a new situation
*Understand visual images
*Process and manipulate symbols
*Be creative and imaginative
*Use heuristics

Question 10

What are ‘expert systems’? (3)

Answer 10

• Expert systems were the precursor of the modern AI systems
  *The decision-making computer systems in AI
  *Designed to be the most advanced and most reliable in solving complex problems, and they work in a specific domain

Question 11

What do expert systems include? (7)

Answer 11

1. Research
2. Expert
3. Consulting
4. Knowledge
5. Team
6. Advise
7. Trust

Question 12

What are characteristics of expert systems? (5)

Answer 12

*Highly effective
*Understandable
*Reliable
*Able to process data quickly
*Capable of critical decision making

Question 13

What are the components of expert systems? (6)

Answer 13

*Knowledge base
*Development engine
*Inference engine
*Explanation facility
*Knowledge acquisition facility
*User interface

Question 14

What capabilities do expert systems have? (2)

Answer 14

• Capabilities of expert systems
  *Aiding in decision making
  *Data analysis, interpreting input, justifying
  conclusions

Question 15

What is a domain expert?

Answer 15

person or group with the expertise or knowledge the expert system is trying to capture

Question 16

Who is a knowledge engineer?

Answer 16

person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system

Question 17

Who is a knowledge user?

Answer 17

person or group who uses and benefits from the expert system
*Needs no previous training or experience

Question 18

What are vision systems?

Answer 18

Hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures

Question 19

What is augmented reality?

Answer 19

Augmented reality (AR) is a type of vision
system that is being used widely in the medical
field

Question 20

What does a vision system software do?

Answer 20

Vision system software takes computer-generated
images and superimposes them on a user’s view of
the world through the use of specialized glasses or
goggles

Question 21

What are genetic algorithms?

Answer 21

Genetic algorithms: approach to solving
problems based on the theory of evolution;
uses the concept of survival of the fittest as
a problem-solving strategy

Question 22

What are intelligent agents?

Answer 22

Intelligent agent: programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program; also called an intelligent robot or bot

Question 23

What are artifiical neural networks? (2)

Answer 23

A computer system that can recognize and
act on patterns or trends that it detects in
large sets of data
*Developed to operate like the human brain

Question 24

How are artificial neural networks programmed?

Answer 24

• Programmed to learn from each iteration
  during the training phase
  *Process that continues even after the system is
  implemented

Question 25

What is the process of an artificial neural network?

Answer 25

Question 26

AI technology is being introduced in new ___________ and new applications at a rapid pace

Answer 26

industries

Question 27

What has AI caused regrading employment? (2)

Answer 27

Automation has often created a fear of job loss
*A report released by the World Economic
Forum states that the growth of AI could
actually create up to 58 million new jobs by
2022

Question 28

What jobs has AI created?

Answer 28

• There are many options for a career in AI
  *Data scientist
  *Machine learning engineer
  *Software developer
  *Robotics scientist
  *Business intelligence developer
  *AI research scientist

Question 29

What is machine learning? (2)

Answer 29

Machine learning: ability of a computer to
learn without having a programmer change
the software for every scenario
*Involves a computer carrying out tasks based
on inputs and a set of instructions

Question 30

What is natural language processing? (2)

Answer 30

Natural language processing is a function
of machine learning
*We use natural language processing every day
without realizing we are training a machine to
provide better service to the next user

Question 31

What are the types of machine learning training ?

Answer 31

Question 32

Where is natural language processing usually used? (2x2)

Answer 32

• Natural language processing is widely
  used in search engines
• Each time a search is entered, the engine must
  interpret what the user is looking for and return
  the relevant results in a timely manner

Translators
* Online translators must be trained in more than
just word-to-word translations
* Grammar rules and punctuation can make a
difference regarding how a sentence is read and how
it is interpreted in another language

Question 33

What is a brain computer interface and which industry uses it?

Answer 33

Technology that interacts with a human’s
neural structure (brain) and translates the
information (thoughts) into activity (actions)
*Medical field
*Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA)

Question 34

What is robotics?

Answer 34

Technology using a combination ofmechanical engineering, computer science, and machine learning to create a device that can perform tasks with a high
degree of precision
* Most of these tasks are deemed tedious or
dangerous for humans

Question 35

What industries are applying robotics with AI and machine learning?

Answer 35

Robotics, along with AI and machine learning, is being applied in many industries
*Automotive industry was one of the first industries to embrace robotics
*Healthcare is another industry that has seen a rapid rise in the use of robots
*Many pharmacies now use robots to prepare medications and IV solutions