405 Midterm

Question 1

What are the levels of evidence in order from 1 to 7?

Answer 1

I. meta-analysis
II. RCTs
III. Quasi
IV. non-experimental
V. metasynthesis
VI qualitative
VII expert opinion

Question 2

Name the 4 qualitative methods

Answer 2

phenomenological
grounded method
ethnographic method
case study method

Question 3

What is the difference between experimental and quasi-experimental?

Answer 3

experimental tests cause and effect with control group/randomization; quasi tests cause and effect WITHOUT control group/randomization

Question 4

What is the most basic unit about which information is collected?

Answer 4

Element

Question 5

True or False: Type I error is more serious than a Type II error and can adversely affect patient care

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What is a Type I error?

Answer 6

null hypothesis is REJECTED when it is actually true

Question 7

What is a Type II error?

Answer 7

When the researcher accepts the null hypothesis when there is actually a difference between the groups

Question 8

Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, Point-biserial, Spearman rho are parametric or non-parametric?

Answer 8

Nonparametric

Question 9

Independent t, ANOVA, Pearson r, multiple regression are parametric or non parametric?

Answer 9

parametric

Question 10

T or F: range is the simplest but most unstable measure of variability

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Ratio measurement is considered the highest level of measurement, true or false?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Which measurement contains an absolute zero: interval or ratio?

Answer 12

Ratio

Question 13

sampling approach used in qualitative research that involves purposeful selection of extreme/unusual cases

Answer 13

Deviant case sampling

Question 14

What is the most frequently occurring score called? (mean, median or mode)?

Answer 14

mode

Question 15

(mean, median or mode): the middle score

Answer 15

Median

Question 16

What is the measure of how dispersed the data is in relation to the mean called? (i.e. variability in a study)

Answer 16

standard deviation

Question 17

What are 3 types of quantitative research designs?

Answer 17

experimental, quasi-experimental and non-experimental

Question 18

What is the organization that protects human rights in research?

Answer 18

Institutional review board

Question 19

_________ sampling is when subjects are selected because they are typical of the population.

Answer 19

purposive (selected ON PURPOSE)

Question 20

___________ is a sampling technique that uses social media to recruit

Answer 20

snowballing

Question 21

Cronbach’s alpha is a test of reliability for internal consistency, T or F?

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is the numerical value range that measures the reliability of the research instrument (also known as the reliability coefficient)?

Answer 22

0-1

Question 23

The closer to zero, the more reliable an instrument is - T or F?

Answer 23

False; should be closer to 1.

Question 24

What type of statistics uses nominal and ordinal levels of measurement?

Answer 24

Nonparametric

Question 25

The ______ value indicates that results were obtained by chance alone

Answer 25

p value

Question 26

Which sampling category has a lower risk for bias, probability or nonprobability?

Answer 26

probability

Question 27

Which sampling category is easier and more cost-effective, probability or nonprobability?

Answer 27

non-probability

Question 28

Convenience, purposive, and quota are probability or nonprobability sampling categories?

Answer 28

non-probability

Question 29

Cluster sampling and stratified random sampling are probability or nonprobability?

Answer 29

probability

Question 30

what are the 4 levels of measurement?

Answer 30

Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio

Question 31

_______ measurement is used to classify variables into categories

Answer 31

nominal

Question 32

_________ measurement shows rankings with equal intervals between numbers, and zero point is arbitrary and not absolute

Answer 32

interval