Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PTH > 4.05 Liver Pathology > Flashcards

4.05 Liver Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

2 blood vessels supplying the liver

A

PORTAL VEIN (nutrients from small intestine) and HEPATIC ARTERY (oxygenated blood from general circulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hepatic adenomas with highest risk of malignant transformation.

A

Hepatic adenomas with B-catenin mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Liver zone with the highest concentration of oxygen

A

Zone 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Characteristics of alcoholic steatohepatitis

A

Hepatocyte swelling and necrosis
Mallory-Denk bodies
Chicken-wire fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Severe, zonal loss of hepatocytes

A

Confluent necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Principal cell involved in scar deposition

A

Hepatic stellate cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Takes up antigens in the liver and presents them to the lymphocytes

A

Kupffer cells and blood-derived dendritic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe serum liver transaminase levels during clinical course of ACUTE LIVER FAILURE

A

Initially elevated

Eventually decreases due to parenchymal destruction and loss of viable hepatocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the estrogen levels in males with chronic liver failure

A

Chronic liver failure impairs estrogen metabolism. Males will present with hyperestrogenemia leading to hypogonadism and gynecomastia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

4 clinical consequences of PORTAL HYPERTENSION

A

Ascites
Portosystemic shunts
Splenomegaly
Hepatic encephalopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most important predictor of chronicity of Hepatitis B

A

Age at diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hallmarks of Hepatitis C infection

A

Persistent infection

Chronic hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hepatitis D is dependent on which virus

A

HBV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4 phases of acute symptomatic hepatitis with recovery

A

Incubation
Symptomatic preicteric
Symptomatic icteric
Convalescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Differentiate Type 1 and 2 AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

A

Type 1:
Middle aged to older individuals
(+) ANA and ASMA, (+) Anti SLA/LP, AMA

Type 2:
Children and teenagers
(+) Anti-LKM-1 and ACL-1 antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F. Hepatocyte rosettes are a typical feature of AIH

A

T

17
Q

First sign of disease in AIH

A

Very severe hepatocyte injury with confluent necrosis with little scarring

18
Q

Most common drug causing ACUTE liver disease

A

Acetaminophen

19
Q

Most common hepatotoxin causing CHRONIC liver disease

A

Alcohol

20
Q

Clinical features of HEPATIC STEATOSIS

A

Hepatomegaly
Elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase
Constitutional symptoms

21
Q

AST > ALT

ALT > AST

A

AST > ALT: Alcohol-induced liver disease

ALT > AST: Chronic liver disease

22
Q

What gene is mutated in WILSON’S DISEASE?

A

ATP7B

23
Q

Green to brown deposits of copper in the descemet membrane of the cornea

A

Keyser-Flescher rings

24
Q

Most common symptom of cholestatic disorder

A

Jaundice

25
Q

Differentiate UNCONJUGATED AND CONJUGATED HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA

A

Unconjugated: excessive production of bilirubin or reduced hepatic uptake

Conjugated: deficiency in canalicular membrane transporters

26
Q

Lab markers of CHOLESTASIS

A

elevated ALP + GGT

27
Q

Charcot’s triad

A

Fever and chills
Jaundice
RUQ pain

28
Q

Clinical presentation of NEONATAL CHOLESTASIS

A

Jaundice
Dark urine
Light/acholic stools
Hepatomegaly

29
Q

When does BILIARY ATRESIA manifest?

A

Within first 3 months of life

30
Q

Differentiate PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS and PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS in terms of sexual predominance

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis: Female

Primary sclerosing cholangitis: Male

31
Q

Describe the morphological appearance of PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS

A

Histology: onion skin concentric scar

Beading appearance on radiograph

32
Q

Differentiate CAROLI DISEASE AND SYNDROME

A

Caroli disease: cystic disorder with ascending cholangitis

Caroli syndrome: cystic disorder with congenital hepatic fibrosis

33
Q

Most common benign liver tumor

A

Cavernous Hemangioma

34
Q

Diagnostic feature of HNF1-alpha inactivated adenomas

A

Absence of LFABP

35
Q

Diagnostic feature of Beta-catenin activated adenoma

A

Immunostain for B-catenin shows nuclear translocation

36
Q

Overexpressed by INFLAMMATORY ADENOMA

A

C-reactive protein

Serum amyloid A

37
Q

Most common malignant liver tumor of childhood

A

Hepatoblastoma

38
Q

Clinical features of HEPATOBLASTOMA

A

Activation of WNT signalling pathway
Expression of FOXG1
Association with Beckwith-Wiedeman syndrome

39
Q

Cancer of the biliary tree arising from the extra/intrahepatic bile ducts. 2nd most common primary malignant liver tumor.

A

Cholangiosarcoma

PTH (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions