40: CVD and Nutrition - O'Shea

Question 1

plaque more likely to rupture

Answer 1

soft plaque

Question 2

function to transport fat-soluble molecules from intestine to other organs

Answer 2

chylomicrons

Question 3

chylomicrons carry

Answer 3

trigs
cholesterole
vitA and beta carotene
vit D
vit E
vit K

Question 4

lipoprtns that transport lipids from liver to muscles and other organs

Answer 4

VLDL

remnants that are left are recirculated to liver to make LDL (atherogenic)

Question 5

high v. low cholesterol diet effects on LDL

Answer 5

high cholesterol diet: fewer receoptors expressed and more circulating LDL

low: more receptors expressed and less circulating LDL

Question 6

low ___ levels are associated with increased CV risk

Answer 6

HDL

targets are greater than 40 for men and greater than 50 for women

Question 7

trans fats =

Answer 7

partially hydrogenated polyunsaturated N6

found in baking and cooking oils, margarine

Question 8

saturated fats

myristic
palmitic
stearic

Answer 8

14: 0
16: 0
18: 0

Question 9

anything with oleic in it is…

Answer 9

good

Question 10

olive oil is a …

Answer 10

monounsaturated fat

Question 11

eicosanoids derived from FA with __ oils are proinflammatory

Answer 11

N6/omega6 (arachidonic acid)

those from fA with omega 3 are less so (EPA and DHA)

eicosanoids are signaling molecules used in growth during and after physical activity, in immunity and inflammation and as messengers in the CNS

Question 12

oxidized LDLs taken up by macrophages become

Answer 12

foam cells –> atherosclerosis

Question 13

healthy ppl should eat ________ cold water fish

Answer 13

2 servings/wk

omega 3s (EPA and DHA)

Question 14

define HTN

Answer 14

140/90

if over 60 yo 150/90

Question 15

current recommendations for sodium

Answer 15

less than 2300 mg/day

Question 16

for ppl with high blood pressure the sodium recommendation is

Answer 16

1500 mg