4- types, expressions, more on assignment

Question 1

int

Answer 1

whole numbers

Question 2

double

Answer 2

numbers with fractions (called floating point numbers)

Question 2

char

Answer 2

single character ex: ‘a’

Question 3

bool

Answer 3

(short for boolean) is used for branching and looping statements
a boolean variable can have only two values true or false

Question 4

Literal constants

Answer 4

is an explicitly stated value
examples: 23 34.4 ’a’ true
a literal constant has value and type

Question 5

Named constant

Answer 5

named constant gives a name to a value; have to be declared:
const int windowCount = 5;
const double taxRate = 9.8;

style:
use named constants rather than literal constants
use named constants rather than variables

Question 6

Expression

Answer 6

mechanism of calculating new values

Question 7

Expression evaluation

Answer 7

computing the value of an expression during program execution

Question 8

Simple expression

Answer 8

literal constant, named constant, variable

Question 9

Complex expression

Answer 9

consists of operands joined by operators

Question 10

Operator

Answer 10

order to computer to carry out a task,
in expression, computes new value based on operands
has an associated symbol

Question 11

Operand

Answer 11

(sub) expression

Question 12

arity

Answer 12

number of operands the operator uses

Question 13

Binary operator

Answer 13

two operands

Question 14

Unary operator

Answer 14

one operand

Question 15

+

Answer 15

addition

Question 16

-

Answer 16

subtraction

Question 17

*

Answer 17

multiplication

Question 17

/

Answer 17

division

Question 18

%

Answer 18

remainder (modulo/modulus)

Question 19

Precedence

Answer 19

order of operator evaluation
follows mathematical convention:1. unary +, -
2. binary *, /, %
3. binary - and +

use () to change precedence:
(2+3)*2 changes default precedence

Question 20

Compound assignment

Answer 20

joins assignment with another operator
syntax: variable binaryOperator = expression;
binaryOperator takes variable and expression as operands
evaluates this, assigns value to variable

Question 21

Initialization

Answer 21

explicitly assigning initial value to a variable

Question 22

Initialization primary

Answer 22

int count=0, limit=10;
double distance=5.723, pi=3.14;
double step=limit/2.0;

Question 23

Initialization alternative

Answer 23

int count(0), limit(10);
double distance(5.723), pi(3.14);
double step(limit/2.0);