4 - The First Pillar Flashcards
How does official development cooperation compare to the total amount of aid flows?
It represents 2/3 of all aid flows
Who is the biggest donor?
Europe accounts for 55% of the official development cooperation aid flows. The US accounts for 22% (USAID).
Which national institutions are in charge of first pillar development cooperation?
OECD countries generally create a specific office to deal with first pillar aid (e.g. USAID) yet recently other ministries and departments have become involved too, causing institutional fragmentation and potentially investing in conflicting objectives
What is leveraging in development cooperation?
Leveraging is when governments invest in private companies in developing countries to incentivise private actors to do the same. However, since they have a better investment climate, expenditures are concentrated in upper and lower-middle-income developing countries
What are the 3 characterising points of development cooperation according to Cox, Healey and Koning (1997)?
- Degree of integration/fragmentation of the cooperation apparatus in the donor country
- Degree of autonomy of the specialised ministry/agency of development cooperation has in defining its development policy (in most OECD countries, it is integrated into the ministry for foreign affairs, with obviously contrasting interests)
- The degree of freedom involved in the implementation of an autonomous development policy (i.e. the degree of inference of higher political institutions)
What is the European Practitioners’ Network for European Development Cooperation?
It is a body composed of 17 non-profit national bodies of European donor countries with a public service mission and which directly implement bilateral or European development assistance. It is also a way to privilege partner countries’ interests over national stakeholders’
What is the Forum for Cities and Regions for Development Cooperation?
It is a European consortium created to strengthen polycentric governance in European development cooperation
What are the characteristics of development cooperation by subnational authorities?
They prefer investments in education and healthcare and frequently collaborate with the NGDOs and other private initiatives from the region in question. The aid resources of subnational authorities are distributed among a large number of countries and a very large number of projects, which receive small budgets.
What are the arguments in favour of subnational development cooperation?
Advocates of decentralised development cooperation claim that communities and regions can develop much broader and more solid support for this area than the federal government, since they are closer to the general public and invest funds in development education. They add that subnational institutions collaborate effectively with their developing countries’ counterparts.
