4 Shoulder Flashcards
What are tests for shoulder instability?
- Anterior Instability aka Crank
- Anterior Drawer
- Sulcus Sign
- Jerk
- Muscle Tests
What are tests for shoulder impingement?
- Hawkins-Kennedy
- Neer
- (Myotome/Dermatome/DTR)
What are tests for shoulder labral tear?
- Clunk
- Speed’s
What are tests for AC joint pathology?
- Horizontal Adduction (aka AC Crossover aka AC Crossbody)
- Acromioclavicular Shear
What are tests for GH joint pathology?
- Ellman’s Compression Rotation
What are tests for shoulder muscle/tendon pathology?
- Yegason’s
- Speed’s
- Drop Arm aka Codman’s
- Empty Can
What are tests for shoulder neurological problems?
- Drop Arm aka Codman’s
- Empty Can
- Myotome/Dermatome/DTR
- Muscle Tests
What’s a test to generally test shoulder mobility?
- Apley’s Scratch
What are the joints of the shoulder complex?
- GH
- AC
- SC
- ST
What’s close-packed position for the the GH joint?
full abduction and lateral rotation
What’s close-packed position for the the AC joint?
arm is abducted to 90°
What’s the close-packed position for the SC joint?
full elevation (of GH)
What’s resting/loose-packed position for the GH joint?
55° of abduction with 30° of horizontal adduction
What’s resting/loose-packed position for the AC joint?
arm at side
What’s resting/loose-packed position for the SC joint?
arm at side
What’s resting/loose-packed position for the ST joint?
arm at side
What’s the capsular pattern at the GH joint? (in order of most to least limited)
lateral rotation, abduction, medial rotation
What’s the capsular pattern at the AC joint? (in order of most to least limited)
pain at the extreme ROM (of GH) especially in horizontal adduction and abduction
What’s the capsular pattern at the SC joint? (in order of most to least limited)
pain at the extreme ROM (of GH) especially in horizontal adduction and abduction
What’s the capsular pattern at the SC joint? (in order of most to least limited)
N/A
What % of people with diabetes will get frozen shoulder?
10-20%
What visceral structures can refer pain to the shoulder? What are the overall referral patterns of these structures?
- heart: chest (tightness), left anterior shoulder and down left arm
- lung and diaphragm: shoulder (usually same side as the lung problem)
- liver and gall bladder: right upper shoulder (upper traps area)
What are things to generally observe for shoulder complaints?
- regular landmarks
- HFC (head forward carriage)
- alignment of head of humerus with acromion
- IR
- step deformity (this means dislocation or separation)
- winging
- tipping
What are rule outs for the shoulder?
- c-spine
- t-spine
- elbow
- TOS
- (TMJ)
What’s normal flexion range for the GH joint?
160°-180°
What’s normal extension range for the GH joint?
normal range 0° followed by 50°-60° hyperextension
What’s normal abduction range for the GH joint?
160°-180°
What’s the painful arc at the GH joint?
(just the right side of the image; left side is FYI at this point)
What’s normal adduction range for the GH joint?
45°-75° (some references will end at 0° – arm at side)
What’s normal internal rotation range for the GH joint?
60°-100° (100° is the hand on the low back) (no compensation from scaps; e.g. imagine squeezing something between the scap)
What’s normal external rotation range for the GH joint?
80°-90° (no compensation from scaps; e.g. imagine squeezing something between the scap) (Magee suggests that IR and ER could be performed with the arm abducted to 90° - measure range when the scapula starts to move)
What’s normal scaption range for the GH joint?
170°-180°
What’s normal horizontal adduction range for the GH joint?
130° (make sure scapula doesn’t move into protraction)
What’s normal horizontal abduction range for the GH joint?
0° (make sure scapula doesn’t move into protraction)
How is the Apprehension Test conducted? What’s a positive? What are its 3 AKAs?
aka:
- Apprehension Test for Anterior Shoulder Dislocation
- Crank
- Anterior Apprehension Test
How is the Anterior Drawer Test of the Shoulder conducted? What’s a positive?
How is the Sulcus Sign conducted? What’s a positive?
How is the Jerk Test conducted? What’s a positive?
How is the Hawkins-Kennedy Impingement Test conducted? What’s a positive?
How is the Neer Impingement conducted? What’s a positive?
How is the Clunk Test conducted? What’s a positive? What’s its aka?
How is the Horizontal Adduction test conducted? What’s a positive? What’s its aka?
How is the Acromioclavicular Shear Test conducted? What’s a positive?
How is Ellman’s Compression Rotation Test conducted? What’s a positive?
How is Yergason’s Test conducted? What’s a positive?
How is Speed’s Test conducted? What’s a positive?
How is the Drop Arm conducted? What’s its aka? What’s a positive?
How is the Empty Can Test conducted? What’s a positive?
How is Apley’s Scratch conducted? What’s a positive?
What are positive signs for the Scapulohumeral Rhythm Test?
How is the Pec Major - Clavicular Head length test conducted?
How is the Pec Major - Sternocostal Head length test conducted?
How is the Pec Minor length test conducted?
How is the Pec Minor and Latissimus Dorsi length test conducted?
What are the grades of the Oxford Muscle testing scale?
How is the Coracobrachialis strength test conducted?
How is the Rhomboids strength test conducted?
How is the Mid Traps strength test conducted?
How is the Lower Traps strength test conducted?
How is the Serratus Anterior strength test conducted?
How is the Subscapularis strength test conducted?
What are the functional tests for the shoulder?
- AF/PR/AR (AF/AR/PR) all movements
- PR: all movements with overpressure
- Watch for compensation from scaps with AF/AR
- AR Elbow flx & ext (biceps and triceps also cross shoulder)
