4 - Respiratory Therapies

Question 1

Name the three most commonly encountered respiratory diseases

Answer 1

Asthma, COPD, Allergic rhinitis

Question 2

Fourth most common cause of preventable deaths in US

Answer 2

COPD (emphysema and chronic bronchitis)

Question 3

Indications of Montelukast

Answer 3

asthma, bronchospasm, allergic rhinitis

Question 4

MOA of Montelukast

Answer 4

Inhibits airway leukotriene receptors by blocking their endogenous ligands which are released by mast cells and eosinophils

Question 5

Common adverse effects of Montelukast

Answer 5

headache, flu-like symptoms, pruritis and rash, restlessness

Question 6

Serious adverse effects of Montelukast

Answer 6

Hematology: thrombocytopenia (reduction of platelets–> hemorrhage)
Hypersensitivity: erythema nodosum, angioedema

Question 7

Drug Interactions of Montelukast

Answer 7

none

Question 8

Long-term control of Intermittent Asthma

Answer 8

No daily medication

Question 9

Quick Relief for all classes of Asthma Therapy

Answer 9

Short-acting Beta-2-agonists

Question 10

Indications of Albuterol

Answer 10

Asthma, bronchospasm, COPD

Question 11

Differences between Albuterol and Montelukast

Answer 11

Albuterol is inhaled, while Montelukast is oral. Montelukast acts systemically, therefore relieves allergic rhinitis.VS Albuterol is inhaled through mouth and offers benefit to lungs only, therefore relieves COPD.

Question 12

MOA of Albuterol

Answer 12

Short acting Beta-2-Agonist

stimulates adrenergic beta-2 receptors. Relaxation in airway smooth muscle.

Question 13

Common adverse effects of Albuterol

Answer 13

cough, dizziness and headache, changes in BP

Question 14

Severe adverse effects of Albuterol

Answer 14

Respiratory: bronchospasm
CVS: HTN, angina, MI, arrhythmias. (beta-2-agonist symptoms)

Question 15

Albuterol interactions with Amphotericins, CAIs, Steroids, Macrolides

Answer 15

Hypokalemia

Question 16

Albuterol interactions with macrolides, Fluoroquinolones, Azoles

Answer 16

QT prolongation

Question 17

Albuterol interactions with Sympathomimetics

Answer 17

Additive

Question 18

First choice of drugs in patients with any degree of persistent asthma

Answer 18

Inhaled corticosteroids

Question 19

A patient presents to clinic with red, inflamed lesions on their skin on shins and arms. Patient has no remarkable medical history besides allergic rhinitis. What drug might be responsible for this presentation?

Answer 19

Montelukast

Question 20

Name a leukotriene inhibitor respiratory therapy drug

Answer 20

montelukast

Question 21

Name a beta-2 agonist respiratory therapy drug

Answer 21

Albuterol

Question 22

When examining a patient who is taking albuterol more often than prescribed, you would find their BP to be _____ than normal.

Answer 22

greater