4 - Respiratory Therapies Flashcards
Name the three most commonly encountered respiratory diseases
Asthma, COPD, Allergic rhinitis
Fourth most common cause of preventable deaths in US
COPD (emphysema and chronic bronchitis)
Indications of Montelukast
asthma, bronchospasm, allergic rhinitis
MOA of Montelukast
Inhibits airway leukotriene receptors by blocking their endogenous ligands which are released by mast cells and eosinophils
Common adverse effects of Montelukast
headache, flu-like symptoms, pruritis and rash, restlessness
Serious adverse effects of Montelukast
Hematology: thrombocytopenia (reduction of platelets–> hemorrhage)
Hypersensitivity: erythema nodosum, angioedema
Drug Interactions of Montelukast
none
Long-term control of Intermittent Asthma
No daily medication
Quick Relief for all classes of Asthma Therapy
Short-acting Beta-2-agonists
Indications of Albuterol
Asthma, bronchospasm, COPD
Differences between Albuterol and Montelukast
Albuterol is inhaled, while Montelukast is oral. Montelukast acts systemically, therefore relieves allergic rhinitis.VS Albuterol is inhaled through mouth and offers benefit to lungs only, therefore relieves COPD.
MOA of Albuterol
Short acting Beta-2-Agonist
stimulates adrenergic beta-2 receptors. Relaxation in airway smooth muscle.
Common adverse effects of Albuterol
cough, dizziness and headache, changes in BP
Severe adverse effects of Albuterol
Respiratory: bronchospasm
CVS: HTN, angina, MI, arrhythmias. (beta-2-agonist symptoms)
Albuterol interactions with Amphotericins, CAIs, Steroids, Macrolides
Hypokalemia
Albuterol interactions with macrolides, Fluoroquinolones, Azoles
QT prolongation
Albuterol interactions with Sympathomimetics
Additive
First choice of drugs in patients with any degree of persistent asthma
Inhaled corticosteroids
A patient presents to clinic with red, inflamed lesions on their skin on shins and arms. Patient has no remarkable medical history besides allergic rhinitis. What drug might be responsible for this presentation?
Montelukast
Name a leukotriene inhibitor respiratory therapy drug
montelukast
Name a beta-2 agonist respiratory therapy drug
Albuterol
When examining a patient who is taking albuterol more often than prescribed, you would find their BP to be _____ than normal.
greater
