4 Markers for education

Question 1

Outline two cultural factors that may cause social differences in educational achievement

Answer 1

1. parent education and style = Douglas
   - w.c parents do not care about children’s education and are less ambitious for children and have infrequent visits
2. use of income - Bernstein and young m.c parents have income needed for educational toys and activities. this helps develop children’s intellect.

Question 2

Outline two cultural factors that may affect ethnic differences in educational achievement

Answer 2

1. subculture: Sewell
   black father tough love causes black boys to struggle and overcome emotional difficulties so turn to gangs and music which gives them anti schools attitudes leads them to underachieve

2.attitudes and values
black students are socialised into subculture values which promote fatalistic live for today attitude which don’t value education. therefore children are not encourage to work hard at school.

Question 3

Outline 2 reason why marketisation policies may produce inequality of educational achievement between social classes

Answer 3

• PARENTAL CHOICE = M.C PARENTS CAN USE THEIR CULTURAL CAPITAL OF EDUCATION SYSTEM TO MAKE SUCCESFUL CHOICES FOR THEIR CHILDREN.

CATCHMENT AREAS = M.C PARENTS HAVE ECONOMIC CAPITAL IN WHICH THEY CAN MOVE NEAR SUCCESFUL SCHOOLS HIGHER CHANCE FOR THEIR CHILD TO GET IN.

Question 4

Outline 2 criticism of schools selecting pupils by ability

Answer 4

1. some pupils are late developers. selecting children By their ability at the age of 11 means that students who are late developers are at disadvantage.
2. there are difficulty measuring ability. IQ only measure one aspect of ability.

Question 5

Outline 2 way in which globalisation may had influence on educational policies

Answer 5

Increased job opportunities abroad, means government increased spending on education to give skills required in the global labour market

2) Teaching about 6 main world religions in R.E due to increased migration