4 MARKERS

Question 1

Outline two material factors that may affect social class differences in educational
achievement.

Answer 1

1.
Overcrowding at home
Often due to parents having low income, therefore a smaller house
Student wont have a place to study

2.
parents disposable income
Able to afford better educational resources and private tuition
Child is granted better educational support which makes them advantaged

Question 2

Outline two cultural factors that may affect social class differences in Educational
achievement.

Answer 2

1.
poor linguistic skills
berieter and englemann- language spoken by low income black american families is inadequate for educational success
Bernstein- restriced code (bruv, innit), my prevent them from understanding the teacher speaking in elaborate code

2. Parental support
   moynihan- many black families are headed for lone mothers which leaves child with inadequate care, as women struggles since male breadwinner has gone

Question 3

Outline two ways in which globalisation has influenced educational policies.

Answer 3

1.
Traditional subjects such as EBacc subjects are prioritised in the curriculum
these subs equip students with skills required for the global skill-based economy

2.
Inolvment of international testing such as PISA testing
allows international comparison of standards

Question 4

Outline two ways in which education system reproduces social class inequalities from
one generation to the next.

Answer 4

1.
labelling
working class students gets labelled which may a self fulfilling prophecy
leads to unachievment

2.
streaming
working class students are placed in lower sets despite academic ability which may result in them joining anti-school subcultures

Question 5

Outline two processes within schools that may lead to working class pupils
underachieving.

Answer 5

1.
labelling
working class students gets labelled which may a self fulfilling prophecy
leads to unachievment

2.
streaming
working class students are placed in lower sets despite academic ability which may result in them joining anti-school subcultures

Question 6

Outline two ways in which postmodernist ideas are reflected in education.

Answer 6

1.
schools are more consumerist and provide more individual choice
marketisation means parents can browse and choose right schools

2.
teaching has become more individualised
sets and streams are taught with different teaching styles e.g more 1to1 tutoring

Question 7

Outline two problems with the interactionist view of education.

Answer 7

1.
Too deterministic
believe once a child is given a bad label, they are stuck with it and accept it, however some rebel

2.
fail to consider enough factors outside of school
put responsibility of children not doing well on teachers rather then inequalities in society

Question 8

Outline and explain two educational policies that have contributed to the current
patterns of attainment of goals

Answer 8

1.
education reform act
marketisation
schools compete to be more successful and provide better teaching and resources

2.
New labour
reduce inequality
smaller class sizes so that pupils get more 1on1 attention

Question 9

Outline two criticisms of the comprehensive school system.

Answer 9

1.
Due to classrooms containing pupils of all abilities, pupils who are brighter are held back by the lower ability students

2. Working class pupils are usually found in the bottom streams due to negative labels that teachers give them