(4) LGBTQIA+ History and Physical Exam Flashcards
Define Intersectionality:
The interconnected nature of social categorizations as they apply to a given individual or group, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage
Define Lesbian:
A woman who is emotionally, romantically or sexually attracted to other women. Women and trans/non-binary people may use this term.
Define Gay:
A person who is emotionally, romantically or sexually attracted to members of the same gender. Men, women and trans/non-binary people may use this term.
Define Bisexual and Pansexual:
A person who is emotionally, romantically, or sexually attracted to more than one sex, gender or gender identity; Pansexual is similar, though with inclusion of non-binary people
Define Transgender:
People whose gender identity/expression is different from cultural expectations of that identity based on sex assigned at birth
Define Queer:
An expansive term often used by people who do not identify as straight, or have non-binary or gender expansive identities
Define Intersex:
Persons born with a variety of differences in sex traits and reproductive anatomy: inc. genitalia, chromosomes, gonads
Define Asexual:
The lack of sexual attraction or desire for other people
Define +:
inclusive denotation of all other people on the spectrum of gender and sexuality
Describe the differences between Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, Sex:
Gender Identity:
- One’s innermost concept of self as either male, female, both or neither
- Gender Identity can be the same or different from sex assigned at birth; has no impact on sexual orientation
Sexual Orientation:
- Emotional, romantic or sexual attraction to other people
Sex:
- Biological traits, chromosomes, sex organs, hormonal profiles
Define Cisgender:
People whose gender identity aligns with the sex assigned at birth
Define Nonbinary:
Genderqueer, Gender Non-Conforming, Gender Neutral, categorizations that may be used for people who may identify as both male and female, or neither
Define Gender fluid:
No single fixed gender identity
Define Gender dysphoria:
A condition in which differences between physical appearance and assigned gender cause distress
List (5) types of Sexual Orientation:
- Gay/Lesbian
- Bisexual
- Pansexual
- Asexual
- Queer
Identify strategies to engage LGBTQIA+ patients in the clinical realm:
- DON’T ASSUME to know an individual’s gender identity and sexual orientation; let the patient guide you
- Begin with OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS to allow patients to describe themselves in the way that they are most comfortable
- MATCH their language
- Take the time to ESTABLISH RAPPORT, identify yourself as someone with both medical and cultural knowledge
Describe methods to sensitively approach history taking and physical examination with LGBTQIA+ patients:
- Ask the patient their name, and their pronouns (DON’T ask preferred pronouns)
- Introduce yourself with your own pronouns
- Allow patients to identify their own goals of transition (1 year or 5 year plans)
What are (4) types of pronouns?
- He/Him
- She/Her
- They/Them
- Ze/Hir
Identify (5) goals of transition:
- Socially transitioning
- Professionally transitioning
- Use of prescribed hormone therapies
- Gender Affirming Surgeries
- Legal Goals
What are (3) types of hormonal therapy?
- Transfeminine Hormone ‘Feminizing hormone’
- Transmasculine Hormone ‘Masculinizing hormone’
- Pubertal Blockers
Define Transfeminine Hormone, and its associated medications:
Used to induce physical changes in the body caused by female hormones (trans-woman, non-binary, intersex). If feminizing hormone therapy is started before the changes of male puberty begin, male body hair and changes in voice pitch can be avoided.
- ESTROGEN decreases testosterone production and induce feminine secondary sex characteristics
- PROGESTERONE is reduced to tiny particles, which might improve breast development
- SPIRONOLACTONE blocks male sex hormone (androgen) receptors and can suppress testosterone production
Define Transmasculine Hormone, and its associated medication:
Used to induce physical changes in the body caused by male hormones (trans-man, non-binary, intersex). If masculinizing hormone therapy is started before the changes of female puberty begins, the development of breasts can be avoided.
- TESTOSTERONE: Suppresses your menstrual cycles and decreases the production of estrogen from your ovaries
Define Puberty Blockers:
Puberty blockers are medications that block the hormones testosterone and estrogen. When a person reaches puberty, these hormones cause changes in the body, such as periods, breast growth, and facial hair growth.
Describe the (6) types of Transfeminine Surgical Options:
- Breast Augmentation (implantation)
- Female Feminization Surgery: forehead and brow bone reshaping, jaw and shin contouring, rhinoplasty, hairline advancement, tracheal shave
- Orchiectomy (removal of testes)
- Vaginoplasty: creation of clitoris, vagina, labia majora/minora, typically via penile inversion
- Voice feminization: glottoplasty (shortens the length of the vocal cords to produce a higher pitch)
- Body Contouring: liposuction and fat transfer, abdominoplasty, buttock augmentation
