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Haematology Week 3 2018/19 > 4: Investigation of lymphadenopathy > Flashcards

4: Investigation of lymphadenopathy Flashcards

1
Q

What is lymphadenopathy?

A

Enlarged lymph nodes

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2
Q

Is lymphadenopathy the same as lymphoma?

A

No

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3
Q

What causes lymphadenopathy?

A

Infection

Malignancy (lymphoma or metastatic disease)

Connective tissue diseases

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4
Q

What are some B symptoms which accompany lymphoma?

A

Night sweats

Weight loss

Fever

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5
Q

What are some symptoms specific to Hodgkins lymphoma?

A

Itch without a rash

Alcohol-induced pain

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6
Q

Which investigation is carried out to exclude lymphoma?

A

Lymph node biopsy

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7
Q

What are the patterns of lymphadenopathy seen in

a) bacterial
b) viral infection?

A

a) Regional enlargement

b) Generalised enlargement

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8
Q

Which virus causes glandular fever?

A

EBV

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9
Q

Glandular fever causes ___ lymphadenopathy.

Why?

A

Generalised lymphadenopathy

EBV (viral) infection

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10
Q

Malignancy causes ___ lymphadenopathy.

A

regional

but can also refer to weird places

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11
Q

What is a specific lymphadenopathy seen in some apical lung cancers?

A

Virchow’s node (supraclavicular) enlargement

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12
Q

Viral lymphadenopathy is an inflammatory process - true or false?

A

False

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13
Q

Bacterial lymphadenopathy is an inflammatory process - true or false?

A

True

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14
Q

What are some properties of malignancy lymphadenopathy?

A

Non-tender

Hard

Irregular

Tethered - invading local tissue

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15
Q

How is lymphadenopathy investigated?

A

Whole node biopsy

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16
Q

Can lymphoma be diagnosed by imaging?

A

No

17
Q

What is meant by reactive lymphadenopathy?

A

Enlarged lymph nodes in response to infection

18
Q

What lymph node structures enlarge in response to infection, malignancy or connective tissue disease?

A

Follicles

because the B cells are activated

19
Q

Immunohistochemistry is similar to immunophenotyping - what is the difference?

A

Immunophenotyping - fluorescent tags

Immunohistochemistry - chemical stains

20
Q

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma cells are ____ positive.

A

CD20+

21
Q

Which specific cells are seen in Hodgkins lymphoma?

A

Reed-Sternberg cells

presence of these is the criteria for calling it Hodgkins as opposed to Non-Hodgkins

22
Q

Which drug can be given to treat Non-Hodgkins lymphoma?

A

Rituximab

B cell inhibitor

23
Q

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is ___ positive.

A

CD20+

24
Q

Which genetic analysis can be used to identify the specific type of lymphoma?

A

FISH

25
Q

How does rituximab work?

Which type of lymphoma is it used to treat?

A

Binds to CD20 and induces apoptosis

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma

26
Q

Which grade of lymphoma is curable using chemotherapy?

A

High grade lymphoma only

27
Q

What is a specific, highly aggressive Non-Hodgkins lymphoma?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

28
Q

Which type of lymphoma doesn’t respond to chemotherapy but is high grade?

A

Mantle cell lymphoma

Haematology Week 3 2018/19 (10 decks)

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