4- Hydrolysis of Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

Describe method to measure rate of hydrolysis of Halogenoalkanes

Answer 1

Question 2

What happens in the reaction between Halogenoalkane + Silver nitrate solution - CP4

Answer 2

Water acts as nucleophile forming a Alcahol + releasing the Halide into solution ( where it reacts with Silver Nitrate)

Question 3

Why does the IodoHogenoalkane hydrolyse faster than the Chloro

Answer 3

Iodo has weakest Carbon-Halide bond due to larger atom so bonds break fastest + halide ion released fastest

Question 4

Why are tertiary halogenoalkanes faster at producing a precipitate than primary

Answer 4

Tertiary has electron inducing alkyl groups allowing it to undergo SN1
= only one species in rate determine step so fastest

Primary undergoes SN2 = 2 species in rate determine step so slower

Secondary can undergo both so rate is inbetween 1 + 3

Question 5

Why is the hydrolysis of Halogenoalkanes easy to time - CP4

Answer 5

Water is a poor Nucleophile meaning it reacts slowly = making reaction easier to time to see difference in speed between Halogenoalkanes