Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gastrointestinal Week 7 2016/17 > 4: Hepatomegaly and focal liver lesions > Flashcards

4: Hepatomegaly and focal liver lesions Flashcards

1
Q

Elderly patients are more likely to have (primary liver cancer / secondary metastases).

A

secondary metastases from other cancers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Patients with chronic liver disease are likely to have (primary liver cancer / secondary metastases).

A

primary liver cancer

due to the chronic inflammation - constant replenishing of cells makes DNA errors more likely, and chronic inflammation puts cells under oxidative stress which may damage their DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most common tumour found in non-cirrhotic patients?

Is it benign or malignant?

A

Haemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How are liver lesions found?

A

Usually through imaging / screening for other diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name four types of benign liver lesion.

A

Haemangioma

Focal nodular hyperplasia

Adenoma

Cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the two broad classes of malignant tumour found in the liver.

A

Primary (originating from the liver - hepatocellular carinoma or cholangiocarcinoma)

Metastases from elsewhere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the most common liver tumour?

A

Haemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Haemangiomas are more common in (males / females).

A

females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Characteristic of benign tumours

What do haemangiomas look like?

A

Small, singular, encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Do haemangiomas cause symptoms?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Is any treatment required for a haemangioma?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How are liver lesions investigated?

A

Imaging - ultrasound, MRI, CT scan

Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is focal nodular hyperplasia?

A

A benign nodule made of normal liver tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What causes the formation of focal nodular hyperplasia?

A

Congenital abnormal blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does focal noduar hyperplasia look like?

A

Central scar running to the periphery of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Focal nodular hyperplasia is more common in (males / females).

A

females

17
Q

Which immune cell can be seen in benign FNH biopsies?

A

Kupffer cells

(liver phagocytes)

18
Q

Adenomas look like normal hepatocytes with one major difference - what is this difference?

A

No vessels

(portal vein, ducts or hepatic vein)

19
Q

What drug is associated with liver adenomas in females?

A

Contraceptive pill

i.e hormone pills

20
Q

Why may athletes develop liver adenomas?

A

Hormone therapy

e.g steroids

21
Q

Benign liver adenomas rarely become ___.

A

malignant

22
Q

What is the general treatment for adenomas in both males and females?

A

Weight loss

Stop hormone therapy

23
Q

What surgical management for adenomas is undergone in males?

A

Excision

due to malignant potential

24
Q

Adenomas may ___ and cause haemorrhage if they get too big.

A

rupture

25
Q

What is the most common malignant liver cancer?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

26
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma commonly occurs in (men / women).

A

men

27
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with which chronic liver disease?

A

Cirrhosis

28
Q

What are some symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

RUQ pain

Hard RUQ mass

Weight loss

Jaundice

29
Q

What are some signs of hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Hard mass in RUQ

Jaundice

30
Q

What is the marker used to detect hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

AFP

(alpha fetoprotein)

31
Q

What investigations are undergone to detect hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Imaging - US/CT/MRI

Biopsy

32
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma can potentially ___ to other areas of the body.

A

metastasize

33
Q

What is the only surgical procedure which cures hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Liver transplant

34
Q

What surgical procedure can be done to palliate hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Resection

35
Q

What is a rare malignant liver tumour found in young patients?

A

Fibro-lamellar carcinoma

36
Q

In fibro-lamellar carcinoma, the AFP is (normal / elevated).

A

normal

37
Q

What would be seen on images of fibro-lamellar carcinoma?

A

Long stellate scar

Gastrointestinal Week 7 2016/17 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions