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Computer science > 4 Hardware > Flashcards

4 Hardware Flashcards

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1
Q

Which are the 3 type of touchscreens used in devices like tablets?

A
  1. The resistive touchscreen, which is the cheapest method however, it can be easily damaged.
  2. The capacitive touchscreen, which uses conductive strips and is a stronger touchscreen than resistive.
  3. Infra-red screen which is the most punctual screen.
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2
Q

What does QR stand for?

A

Quick response code and it is mostly used by companies to track down the location of the products in the factories.

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3
Q

EPOS terminal

A

Electronic Point of sale - it works out the cost of the shopping.

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4
Q

What does 3D mean?

A

It means three dimensional.

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5
Q

OMR

A

OMR stands for optical mark recognition - it is mainly used to see marks on worksheets(test papers).

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6
Q

The types of sensors.

A 
Light sensor
Temperature sensor
Pressure sensor
Magnetism sensor
Moisture sensor
Humidity sensor
Acidity (pH) sensor
Motion sensor
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7
Q

What are the two types of printers

A

Ink Jet and Laser.

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8
Q

What is an actuator?

A

An actuator is any motor that moves an object around.

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9
Q

What is a servomechanism?

A

A servomechanism is a machine that uses feedback to regulate motion.

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10
Q

What does CAD and CAM stand for?

A

CAM stands for computer aided design

CAD stands for computer aided manufacturers.

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11
Q

How much storage does a 1 minute CD take up?

A

10 MB.

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12
Q

What are sensors

A

Sensors are automatic input devices and a sensor is a device that senses physical changes in a particular area

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13
Q

Types of sensors

A

Light sensors - detect the amount of light from in an area. Digital camera or scanner
Temperature sensor - detect the change and in the temperature. Cooker
Pressure sensor - senses if it collides with another object. Robotic vacuum cleaner.
Magnetism sensor - used in compasses mostly to see where is north and where is south.
Moisture and humidity sensor - detect water or vapor. Used in greenhouses to monitor the humidity of the ground.
Acidity sensor - it measures the pH of a substance. Mostly used for medical purposes.
Motion sensors - detect a movement for example by Infra-red lights. Used in burglar alarms or for computer games.

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14
Q

The cycle of control systems

A

Input - process - output - feedback

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15
Q

An example of a control system

A

A bread oven does this. When you put a bread inside it (input). It heats the bread when the oven is too hot (output) it cool it down (feedback). And it does this over and over again.

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16
Q

How does an LCD monitor work? What does it stand for?

A

It stands for liquid crystal display because it holds a liquid crystal layer between transparent sheets.

17
Q

What are LED and what do they stand for?

A

LED stands for light-emitting diode and they are really little light bulbs only they use less electricity and emit less heat

18
Q

What does OLED stand for and why?

A

It stands for organic LED because it is even smaller than a normal LED and it is more expensive

19
Q

The two common projector types.

A

Digital light projector (DLP) - a beam of light passes through the LCD and then onto the wall.
LCD projector- works by shining a light onto a grid of thousands of tiny mirrors.

20
Q

What are sensors

A

Sensors are automatic input devices and a sensor is a device that senses physical changes in a particular area

21
Q

The two common projector types.

A

LCD projector - a beam of light passes through the LCD and then onto the wall.
Digital light projector (DLP) - works by shining a light onto a grid of thousands of tiny mirrors.

22
Q

What does OLED stand for and why?

A

It stands for organic LED because it is even smaller than a normal LED and it is more expensive

23
Q

What are LED and what do they stand for?

A

LED stands for light-emitting diode and they are really little light bulbs only they use less electricity and emit less heat

24
Q

How does an LCD monitor work? What does it stand for?

A

It stands for liquid crystal display because it holds a liquid crystal layer between transparent sheets.

25
Q

An example of a control system

A

A bread oven does this. When you put a bread inside it (input). It heats the bread when the oven is too hot (output) it cool it down (feedback). And it does this over and over again.

26
Q

The cycle of control systems

A

Input - process - output - feedback

27
Q

Types of sensors

A

Light sensors - detect the amount of light from in an area. Digital camera or scanner
Temperature sensor - detect the change and in the temperature. Cooker
Pressure sensor - senses if it collides with another object. Robotic vacuum cleaner.
Magnetism sensor - used in compasses mostly to see where is north and where is south.
Moisture and humidity sensor - detect water or vapor. Used in greenhouses to monitor the humidity of the ground.
Acidity sensor - it measures the pH of a substance. Mostly used for medical purposes.
Motion sensors - detect a movement for example by Infra-red lights. Used in burglar alarms or for computer games.

28
Q

How many bits are needed to store one ASCII character? How about Unicode character?

A

1 byte for ASCII

4 byte for UNICODE

29
Q

How do you calculate the size of a picture?

A

Multiply the no of pixels with the number of bits needed to store the picture (1, 4, 8, 24 bit)

30
Q

What is a bitrate?

A

No bits needed to store one second of sound.

31
Q

What does bit deph mean?

A
  1. In case of pictures it meas the number of bits needed to store data about one pixel (monochrome, 256 color, 167 million color, 16 color)
  2. In case of a sound it means the number of bits needed to save one second of sound. Bit depth can be modified by modifying the number of higher and lower sounds.
32
Q

What kind of storage do you know?

A

Primary(RAM), Secondary (HDD, SDD, stick, card)

Secondary storage can be in the computer or offline(portable hard disk, stick, SD card)

33
Q

How CD stores data?

A

A CD stores data by having small pits or marks in a spiral pattern.

34
Q

Type of CD-s from read-write point of view.

A

Read only
Write once
RW (Rewritable)

Computer science (15 decks)

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