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MSK > 4. Back Myology > Flashcards

4. Back Myology Flashcards

1
Q

Where do serrated muscles attach?

A

The ribs.

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2
Q

What does “fusiform” mean?

A

Big in the middle, small on the ends

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3
Q

What do Multicaudal muscles have that other’s don’t?

A

Multiple tendons

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4
Q

Functionally, what do Agonists do?

A

Flex a joint

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5
Q

Functionally, what do Antagonists do?

A

Extend a joint

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6
Q

What do Synergist muscles do?

A

Assists the agonists

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7
Q

Trapezius

Origin, Attachment, Action, Innervation and Artery

A

Orign: ligamentum nucahe, all C and T, occipital lobe

Attachment: clavical, acromion, and scapular spine

  • Whole muslce: rotate point of glenoid cavity superiory and retract the scapula
  • upper fibers: elevate scapula
  • lower fibers: depress scapula
  • while the scapula fixed: upper fibers will extend the neck working bilaterally, laterally flex the neck and rotate the face away when woring unilaterally
    • Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
  • Transverse Cervical Artery
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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin, insertion, action, Innervation and Artery

A
  • Origin: lower throacic, ribs 9-12, illica crest, L1-5 spinous process and median scaral crest via throacolmbar fascia
  • insertion: anterior side of humerous (intertubrcular groove)
  • Action: extend, adduct and medially rotate the huemrus. Also rotate the glenoid cavity (point of shoulder) inferiorly
  • Thoracodorsal Nerve
  • Thoracodorsal Artery
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9
Q

For Rhomboid Minor, Rhomboid Major and Levator Scaupluae

Innervation and Artery

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

Dorsal Scapular Artery

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10
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

O: SPINOUS PROCES OF t2-5

I: medial border of scapula (inferior scapula spine)

A: retract and elevate scapula, rotate the glenoid cavity down

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11
Q

Rhomboid Minor

A

O: SPINOUS PROCES OF C7 to T 1

I: medial border of scapula (at scapular spine)

A: retract and elevate scapula, rotate the glenoid cavity down

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12
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

O: posteior tubercles of transferese process c1-4

I: medial borders of scapula above the spine

A: elevate the scapula, rotate the glenoid cavity inferiorly. will also extend and laterally flex the neck WHEN SCAPULA IS FIXED.

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13
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior

Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation and Artery

A
  • O: spinous process of C7-T3
  • I: superior surfaces of ribs 2-4
  • ELEVATE RIBS WITH FORCED INSPIRATION (primarily proprioceptive)
  • Intercostal Nerve
  • Intercostal Artery
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14
Q

For Serratus Posterior Inferior

Origin, insertion, Action, Innervation and Artery

A
  • spinous process of T11-12
  • inferior surface of ribs 8-12
  • Depress ribs with forced exipration (primarly propoceptive)
  • Anterior Ramus of T9-12
  • Intercostal Arteries
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15
Q

What three segments are there to the Iliocostalis Muscle?

A

Iliocostalis Lumborum (this is the only Lumborum)

Iliocostalis Thoracis

Iliocostalis Cervicis

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16
Q

splenius capitius

A

O: lower half of nucal ligmanet and C7 to mid T spinous process

I: temproal bone and occpital bone

A: extend neck when working bilaterally and latarally flex neck and rotate face towards when working unilatarally

N: Posterior Rami (c3-5)

17
Q

Splenius cervicis

A

O: spinous process T3-6

I: transverse process C1-3

A:extend the neck when working bilaterally, latarally flex neck and roate face towards when working unilaterally

N: posterior Rami

18
Q

What three segments are there for Longissimus?

Which portion is the largest for this muscle?

A

Longissimus Thoracis (largest)

Longissimus Cervicis

Longissimus Capitis (Inserts at the Mastoid process, to help locate it)

19
Q

ILS Muscles are _____. They are also called _____. Their action is to _______. They are innervated by _____.

A
  • largest layer
  • erector spinae group
  • maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral columb and head when working bilatarlly. They also latearlly flex thev ertebral column when working unilatarally.
  • posterior rami
20
Q

What region of Spinalis is likely to be visable?

A

Spinalis Thoracis (Even still is often confusible with Longissimus because it is small)

21
Q

What is damaged in a back strain?

What is damaged in a back sprain?

A

A strain is damage to a muscle fiber by excessive stretching of a muscle due to contraction.

A sprain is injury to the ligamentous attachment between bones.

Remember that a sprained ankle has nothing to do with muscles.

22
Q

What are the four types of Transversospinalis muscles?

How far (in number of vertebrae) does each one go up?

A

(From largest to smallest)

Semispinalis (5-6)

Multifidus (3-4)

Rotatores Longus (2)

Rotatores Brevis (1)

23
Q

Within the group of Transversospinalis muscles, what are the three Semispinalis muscles? What are the rest?

A
  • Semispinalis Capitis
  • Semispinalis Cervicis
  • Semispinalis Thoracis (just a transversospinalis muscle that goes up 5-6)
  • Multifidus M: Extending 3-4 spinal segments, best in lumbar region
  • Rotatores Longus: extending 2 spinal segments
  • Rotatores Brevis: extends to the adjacent spinal segment
24
Q

What is the collective name of the muscles which traverse between spinous processes?

A

Interspinalis Muscles. Travel from one spinous process to the other. Best developed in lumbar and cervical regions. They extend the spine.

25
Q

What is the collective name for muscles which traverse between transverse processes?

A

Intertranversarii Muscles. Travel from one spinous process to the other and laterally flex the spine. The posterior portion is inervated by posterior rami and anterior protion is inervated by anterior rami. Best developed in cervical and lumbar regions.

26
Q

What are the four muscles of the Suboccipital region?

What nerve innervates them?

A

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

The Suboccipital Nerve

27
Q

Which three muscles make up the Suboccipital Triangle?

A

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Obliquus Capitis Superior

28
Q

Illiocastalis lumborum M.

A

O: illica crest and T11-15 spinus process, amd median and lateral scaral crest

I: costal angles of ribs 6-12

29
Q

Illocostalis Thoracis

A

O: costal angles of ribs 6-12

I: costal angles of ribs 1-16 and transverse process of C7

30
Q

Illocostalis cervicis

A
  • costal angles of ribs 3-6
  • Posteior tubercles of transferece process of C4-6
31
Q

Longissimus Thoracis

A
  • O: L1-5 transverse and accessory process
  • I: transverse process T1-L2, ribs 3-12
32
Q

Longissimus cervicis

A

O: transverse transverse process T1-5

I: posteior tubercules of transverse process and atircular process of C2-6

33
Q

Longissimus capitius

A

O: Transverse process of T1-5 and articular process of c4-7

I: mastoid process of temproal bone

34
Q

Spinalis throacis

A

O: T11-T12

I:T1-4

35
Q

Semispinalis throacis

A

O: Transverse process T6-12

I: Spinous process C6-T4

A: extend spine and rotate spine away

36
Q

Semispinalis cervisis

A

O: trasnverse process

I: spinus process

37
Q

Semispinalis Capitis

A

O: transverse process

I: superior and inferior nucal lines of occipital B

a: extend head and rotate face away

38
Q

Levator costarum longus

A

o: transverse process of C7-T11

I: second rib inferior to its orgin

A: elevate ribs

N: posteior rami

39
Q

Levator cosatrum brevis M

A

Transverse process C7-T11

I: adjacent rib inferior to origin

A: Elevate ribs

N: posterior rami

MSK (19 decks)

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