4/9/24 test

Question 1

What were the events leading up to Muhammad’s urging to have Arabs give up pagan gods and worship the one true God?

Answer 1

He noticed the greed in meccan society , and was spoken to by angel Gabriel while meditating in a cave telling him to become a messenger of god, spoken to his wife , and made arabs give up pagan gods and to devote themselves to the one true God. Encouraged by his wife.

Question 2

Muhammad destroyed the idols housed in the ____. In so doing, he rededicated it to ___, making it the holiest place in the newly founded monotheistic religion of Islam.

Answer 2

Kaaba

Allah

Question 3

What are the fundamental duties comprising the Pillars of Islam?

Answer 3

The fundamental duties comprising the Pillars of Islam are Shahada, Salah, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj, representing the declaration of faith, ritual prayers, almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca, respectively.

Question 4

Are men and women equal SPIRITUALLY under Islam? Is this the same as having equal rights?

Answer 4

In Islam, men and women are considered spiritually equal before Allah, but disparities in rights and opportunities may exist due to cultural interpretations and practices rather than the religion itself. They are equal under islam , but in law women had a harder time getting an inheritance and getting a job.

Question 5

What did Abu Bakr say to keep restless Muslims united after Muhammad’s death, allowing him to spread Islam among the remaining Arab tribes? (It has to do with worshipping someone.)

Answer 5

Abu barca said if you worship muhammad muhammad is dead , if you worship god god is alive.

Question 6

What are the differences between Sunni and Shiite (Shia) Muslims related to who should lead Islam?

Answer 6

Shiites believed that Muhammad’s successor should be a descendant of Ali. Sunnis any good follower of muhammad could be his successor.

Question 7

Remember the following order of events:

Answer 7

Muhammad dies, Abu Bakr unifies followers, Arab Muslims defeat Byzantines and Persians, Umayyad Caliphate established, Abbasid Caliphate established.

Question 8

The Islamic Empire grew steadily until it reached its height during the _____________ Caliphate, then declined in size.

Answer 8

Umayyad Caliphate

Question 9

Trade helped spread Islam across a wide area spanning several continents. BUT how was trade viewed by Muslim society? Did they respect merchants? Why did they have this view?

Answer 9

trade was res[ected by muslim society and muslims respected merchants because muhammad was a merchant and a sheep herder.

Question 10

Where in Medieval Europe was religious tolerance allowed to result in the exchange of art, religion, important ideas through commerce among peoples of the three monotheistic Abrahamic faiths? What faith ruled over this particular region at the time?

Answer 10

Medieval spain, muslims tolerated other faiths.

Question 11

What was “The Rubaiyat” by Omar Khayyam? A collection of 4 lines stanza, reflecting on fate and the fleeting nature of life.

Answer 11

The rubaiyat is a collection of 4 line stanzas . khayyam meditates on faith and the fleeting nature of life.

Question 12

What Muslim empire saw the deepest EASTWARD expansion into Asia of Islamic rule? See map on page 303.

Answer 12

Safavid empire, 1510

Question 13

What are some of the major political effects of the Ottoman siege of Constantinople?

Answer 13

Ending the Byzantine Empire and contributing instead to the growth of the Ottoman Empire. renamed constantinople as istanbul and gunpowder

Question 14

Which geographical feature of NORTH Africa most likely presented a barrier to the Bantu migrations?

Answer 14

The Sahara desert.

Question 15

Why was Nubia a strategically located center of wealth, trade, and commerce?

Answer 15

Nubia was a strategically located center of wealth because the capital of Meroe commanded the north and south trade route of the Nile river and they also controlled the trade route of the east and west from the Red sea. The capital also had vast resources such as iron ore and they used this for weaponry and other daily necessities. gold, ivory ,animal skins, and perfumes, slaves. was a center of wealth trade and commerce.

Question 16

Mansa Musa was a devoted man of faith and charity whose kingdom was rich in wealth and in culture. What evidence from his life backs this claim—what did he famously do?

Answer 16

Documents of massa musa pilgrimage to mecca demonstrate his abundant wealth and how he donated it to the poor. it is said he destabilized the economy of the city of cairo by his generosity of giving. his pilgrimage was in 1324

Question 17

The uneven distribution of natural resources promoted trade between the Sahara and other parts of West Africa. Often one pound of __________ was traded for one pound of ________.

Answer 17

salt

gold

Question 18

Control over WHAT caused the West African kingdom of Ghana to grow powerful, wealthy, and to incorporate Islamic values and ideas in its society and government? (see question 17).

Answer 18

Control over the Gold-Salt trade caused the kingdom of Ghana to grow powerful and wealthy. This abundance of gold brought many traders from islamic countries and this allowed for the religion to spread in Ghana.

Question 19

Ocean travel on the Indian Ocean helped to connect different cultures, leading to greater understanding and tolerance of new traditions and ideas in East Africa. What famous 30-year voyage of the medieval era demonstrates this?

Answer 19

The 30 year voyage of the famous explorer named Ibn Battuta. The travels of Ibn Battuta He went to southwest Asia, Southern Russia, China, India , East Africa. The different cultures of all the places he went to helped people understand how different each region was to one another.

Question 20

In what two places in Eastern Africa did Christianity play a major cultural and political role?

Answer 20

Christianity played a major role in the kingdoms of Ethiopia and Axum

Question 21

Modern inhabitants of Zimbabwe honor their heritage by using the symbol of a ____ on their Flag to represent their nation.

Answer 21

Bird

Question 22

What makes the Swahili language a valid example supporting the conclusion that East Africa’s geographic proximity to the coast affected its culture?

Answer 22

There is a blend between the Bantu and Arabic language. The word Swahili means, “of the coast.”

Question 23

Griots were a combination of advisors, historians, and entertainers charged with preserving rich oral traditions for future generations. What do oral traditions help to preserve?

Answer 23

Oral traditions helped preserve the myths, legends, histories and folk tales that have been passed down for centuries

Question 24

What was a core social factor that gave people a sense of community and shared responsibility in medieval African culture?

Answer 24

Extended lineages when people can trace their history back to a common ancestor.

Question 25

What factor allowed the ancient kingdom of Ghana to become so successful?

Answer 25

Their location on the broad V made by the Niger and Senegal rivers gave them a lot of control over the gold-salt trade across West Africa. Their kingdom was located where the gold-salt trade was located

Question 26

Describe the Five Pillars of Islam in your own words.

Answer 26

The Five Pillars of Islam are five basic duties that are required of all Muslims if they’re a true follower of the faith. Short answers

Question 27

Evaluate/write the importance of the Quran to Muslims.

Answer 27

The Quran is regarded by Muslims as the sacred word of God, revealed to Muhammad, and serves as the final authority on various matters. It provides guidance on life, emphasizing ethical standards like honesty and social justice, while also prescribing severe penalties for crimes. Muslims believe in its unchangeable nature and insist on learning and reciting its verses in Arabic, which serves as a unifying factor among followers.

Question 28

Analyze the role the Quran played on Islamic art and architecture in the Muslim world.

Answer 28

Since the Quran banned the worshiping of idols, it kept religious art from worshiping other figures, it gave Islamic art

Question 29

How did Islam affect the kingdoms of Mali and Songhai?

Answer 29

Mali and Songhai adopted some aspects of islam while still trying to go out and practice their native religions.

Question 30

Summarize traditional African religious beliefs that were unaffected by outside influences such as Islam or Christianity.

Answer 30

Some of the beliefs that were unaffected include ancestral worship and the belief that all objects on earth are filled with the living spirit.