Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Perio 2 > 4 > Flashcards

4 Flashcards

1
Q

Aggressive perio - localized or generalized
severe abscess
NUG (severe only)

All of these are indications for

A

Systemic antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Consider antibiotic treatment when biofilm tests positive for

A

P. gingivalis, AA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Some bacteria invade soft tissues, making SRP not very effective as treatment - as such, we use

A

antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antibiotics also help with SRPs with

A

deep pockets and furcations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Systemic antibiotics are potentially
helpful in periodontal therapy
if

A 
•  They distribute to the pocket 
and its soft tissue wall
•  They reach inhibitory levels in 
the pocket
•  Their levels are maintained for 
an adequate duration
•  They penetrate host cells and 
kill invasive bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bactericidal agent:

A

kills bacteria (preferred)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

• Bacteriostatic agent:

A

slows bacterial growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

• Narrow

-spectrum:

A

effective against specific
families of bacteria (preferred, spares gut
microbiota). Example: metronidazole.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

• Broad-

spectrum:

A

acts against a wide range of
clinically important bacteria. Example:
tetracycline..

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Penicillins

Bactericidal, but inactivated by ———–

A

ß

-lactamases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Penicillins

• Reach effective levels in

A

gingival fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Penicillins

strains

A

AA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Penicillins

• Don’t penetrate ———– very well

A

epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Penicillins

• ———- has broad spectrum, enhanced tissue
penetration, good activity against gram negatives

A

Amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Penicillins

• Augmentin is amoxicillin combined with a

A

ß

-lactamase inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Metronidazole

————– bactericidal agent that is
active against———-

A

Narrow-spectrum

strict anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q 
Metronidazole 
•  Activity against facultative bugs like 
A. a. 
is 
--------
A

less potent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Metronidazole

• Inexpensive, usually well —————

A

tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tetracyclines (minocycline and
doxycycline)

• Bacteriostatic against most

A

periodontal
pathogens, broad
-spectrum activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tetracyclines (minocycline and
doxycycline)

• Can reach higher levels in ——– than
in ———–

A

gingival fluid

blood serum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tetracyclines (minocycline and
doxycycline)

• Inhibit ———–, which mediates ——
breakdown in periodontitis

A

collagenase

collagen

22
Q

Tetracyclines (minocycline and
doxycycline)

• Actively accumulated by

A

oral epithelial cells,

gingival fibroblasts and PMNs

23
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A 
•  Bactericidal 
•  Extremely active against 
A. a.,
 but less active 
against anaerobic bacteria like 
P.   g .
24
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

gingival fluid

blood

25
Q

Fluoroquinolones

• Penetrate ———– and
can kill invasive bacteria

A

epithelial cells and phagocytes

26
Q

Clindamycin

Potent bacteriostatic activity against

A

strict

anaerobes

27
Q

Clindamycin

• Less effective against

A

facultative pathogens
like
A. a.

28
Q

Clindamycin

• Penetrates

A

bone

29
Q

Clindamycin

• Can occasionally induce

A

ulcerative colitis

30
Q

Clindamycin

• Used as an alternative antimicrobial agent in

A

penicillin

-allergic patients

31
Q

Macrolides
Azithromycin and Clarithromycin

Reach high concentrations in

A

tissue

32
Q

Macrolides
Azithromycin and Clarithromycin

• Have good activity against

A

A. a., P. gingivalis,
and
many other gram
-negative anaerobes

33
Q

Macrolides
Azithromycin and Clarithromycin

• Penetrates ——— and kills invasive
bacteria. Also taken up by ———-

A

epithelial cells

PMNs and fibroblasts

34
Q

Macrolides
Azithromycin and Clarithromycin

• Macrolides produce

A

anti

-inflammatory effects

35
Q

———– levels are higher in

gingival crevicular fluid than in blood

A

Azithromycin

36
Q

———– levels are higher in

gingival crevicular fluid than in blood

A

Azithromycin

37
Q

———– are active
against periodontal bacteria
lls

A

Azithromycin and clarithromycin

38
Q

• ————– levels in GCF

are higher and more sustained than in blood serum

A

Azithromycin and clarithromycin

39
Q

• Clarithromycin levels are higher in ——– than in

  • ———, and higher in ——— than in
A

gingiva

serum

inflamed gingiva

healthy gingiva

40
Q

• Tx with azithromycin produces ———

A

anti
-inflammatory
effects

41
Q

• Azithromycin helps eliminate

A

invasive
A. a.
infection from cultured oral epithelial cells

42
Q

Bacterial culturing: Advantages

A 
Reflects viable bacteria in the 
pocket
•  Can assess the predominance 
of a particular pathogen
•  Can grow and study unusual 
bacteria
•  Can determine antibiotic 
susceptibility
43
Q

Bacterial culturing: Disadvantages

A

Very few periodontal microbiology labs available
• Very time consuming and costly
• Problems with transport to the lab
• Difficult to grow some organisms (spirochetes)
• Accuracy dependent on good sampling technique
• Not very sensitive

44
Q

When used as a ———– (without SRP),
there is not sufficient evidence that antibiotics are
beneficial in the treatment of periodontitis

A

monotherapy

45
Q

Penicillins:

A

rashes, allergy, diarrhea

46
Q

• Tetracyclines:

A

nausea, diarrhea, dental

staining

47
Q

• Metronidazole:

A

nausea, diarrhea, altered

taste, antabuse effect

48
Q

• Clindamycin:

A

rashes, nausea, diarrhea

49
Q

• Azithromycin:

A

diarrhea, nausea, cholestatic

jaundice (rare), cardiac arrhythmia (rare)

50
Q

Local delivery of antibiotics:

Shortcomings

A

• Less effective than systemic antibiotics at
eradicating invasive bacteria
• Can’t eliminate pathogens from the entire
oral cavity (recurrent infection possible)
• Local delivery technique can be time
consuming and may not be cost
-effective

Perio 2 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions