4&5 Flashcards
Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments to you to the US Constitution which define basic liberties as freedom of religion, speech and press and guaranteed defendants rights
1st amendment
Starbush is the four great liberties and freedom of speech press religion in assembly assembly
14th amendment
No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States, nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. Nor deny to any person within stir sticks in the equal protection of the laws
Due process clause
Part of the 14th amendment…guarantees that person cannot be deprived of life liberty or property by United States or state governments without due process of law
Incorporation doctrine
We will concept under which the Supreme Court has nationalize the bill of rights by making most of its provisions applicable to the states through the 14th amendment
Establishment clause
Part of the first amendment states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion
Free exercise clause
First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion
Prior restraint
I’m government preventing material from being published common method a limiting the press in some nations usually unconstitutional in the US, according to the First Amendment and is confirmed in the 1931 Supreme Court case near versus Minnesota
Libel
Tatian of false or malicious statements that damage someone’s reputation
Symbolic speech
Nonverbal communication such as burning a flag or wearing an armband
Commercial speech
Communicating in the form of advertising. Restricted more than many other types of speech but has been receiving the increase production from the Supreme Court
Probable cause
Situation occurring when the police have reason to believe that a person should be arrested. And making the arrest police are allowed to legally search and seize for incriminating evidence
Unreasonable searches and seizures
Obtaining evidence and haphazard or random man or a practice prohibited by the fourth amendment
Search warrant
Written authorization from the court specifying the area to be searched and what police are searching for
Exclusionary rule
Rule that evidence no matter how incriminating cannot be introduced to trial if it was unconstitutionally Jane obtained
Fifth Amendment
Constitutional amendment designed to protect the rights of persons accused of crimes including protection against double Jeopardy, and self inclination
Self-incrimination
Situation occurring when the individual accused of a crime is compelled to be a witness against himself or herself in court the fifth amendment prohibits self incrimination
Sixth amendment
Constitutional amendment designed to protect individuals accused of crimes right to counsel to confront witnesses and right to a speedy and public trial
Plea-bargaining
Bargain stuck between the defendants lawyer and the prosecutor to the effect that the defendant will plead guilty to a lesser crime in exchange for the states promise not to prosecute the defendant for a more serious crime
Eighth amendment
For bids cruel and usual punishment
Cruel an usual punishment
Prohibited by the eighth amendment Supreme Court made that that sentences are no offense to the constitution in the contest penalty itself constitutes cruel and unusual
Right to privacy
Right to a private personal life free from the intrusion of government
Civil rights
Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or Individuals
14th amendment
No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of U.S nor shall any state deprive any person of life liberty or property without due process of law
Equal protection of the laws
Part of the 14th amendment emphasizing that the laws must provide equivalent; protection to all people
13th amendment
Forbade slavery
Civil rights act of 1965
Law made racial discrimination against any groups in hotels motels and restaurants illegal and forbade many forms of Job discrimination
Suffrage
Legal right to vote for African Americans
15th amendment
Amendment adopted in 1870 extend suffrage to African Americans
Poll taxes
Small taxes levied on the right to vote
Affirmative action
A policy designed to give special attention to compensatory treatment for memwbers of some previously disadvantaged group
Comparable worth
Issue raised when woman who hold less traditional female jobs are paid less then men
19th amendment
Women’s rights/ suffrage
Equal rights amendment
1923 stating that equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United stat a or by any state on account of sex
White primary
Means to discourage African American voting
24 amendment
Declared poll tax void
Voting rights act of 1995
Law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African Americans sufferage
Slander
Refers to spoken defamation whereas libel is written
LAPS test
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Americans with disabilities act of 1990
Passed to public faculties to make resonate accomadoystulna
Civil liberties
We will constitutional protections against government. Although celebrities before me sit down in the Bill of Rights the courts police and legislators to find their
