4 Flashcards
Pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques (6 Ps)
Lichen planus
Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
Horner syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)
Pupil accommodates but doesnt react
Argyll Robertson pupil (neurosyphilis)
Rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection
Guillain Barre syndrome (acute autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy)
Rash on palms and soles
Coxsackie A, secondary syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Recurrent colds, unusual eczema, high serum IgE
Hyper-IgE syndrome (Job syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality)
Red currant jelly sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patients
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Red currant jelly stools
Acute mesenteric ischemia (adults), intussusception (infants)
Red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola
Paget disease of the breast (sign of underlying neoplasm)
Red urine in the morning, fragile RBCs
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Renal cell carcinoma (bilateral), hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma
von Hippel Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation)
Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability
Parkinson disease (nigrostriatal dopamine depletion)
Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
Roth spots (bacterial endocarditis)
Severe jaundice in neonate
Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)
Severe RLQ pain with palpation of LLQ
Rovsing sign (acute appendicitis)
Severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
McBurney sign (acute appendicitis)
Short stature, increase incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia
Fanconi anemia (genetic loss of DNA crosslink repair, often progresses to AML)
Single palmar crease
Down syndrome
Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility
Kartagener syndrome (dynein arm defect affecting cilia)
Skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue
Addison disease (primary adrenocortical insufficiency causes increase ACTH and increase MSH production)
Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys
Becker muscular dystrophy (X linked missense mutation in dystrophin, less severe than Duchenne)
Small, irregular red spots on buccal or lingual mucosa with blue-white centers
Koplik spots (measles, rubeola virus)
Smooth, flat, moist, painless white lesions on genitals
Condylomata lata (secondary syphilis)
Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
Bacterial endocarditis
Strawberry tongue
Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome
Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney, cystic hygroma at birth, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema
Turner syndrome (45 XO)
Sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi
Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia)
Swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae
Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency: cant hydroxylate proline/lysine cant hydroxylate proline/lysine petechiae
Swollen, hard, painful finger joints
Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP [Bouchard nodes], DIP [Heberden nodes])
Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo decrescendo)
Aortic valve stenosis
Thyroid and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma
MEN 2A (autosomal dominant ret mutation)
Thyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis
MEN 2B (autosomal dominant ret mutation)
Toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
Babinski sign (UMN lesion)
Unilateral facial drooping involving forehead
Facial nerve (LMN CN VII palsy)
Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male
Reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27
Vascular birthmark (port-wine stain)
Hemangioma (benign, but associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome)
Vomiting blood following gastroesophageal lacerations
Mallory-Weiss syndrome (alcoholic and bulimic patients)
Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy
Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)
Worst headache of my life
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
