4

Question 0

Changes in DSM-5

Answer 0

Language, e.g. intellectual disability NOT mental retardation
Consistency with International Classification of Disease
Consideration of cultural and gender issues

Question 1

DSM-5

Answer 1

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Developed by American Psychiatric Association
1st ed in 1952, current version is 2013.
Common language between health professionals and researchers to enable coordination of management and treatment.

Question 2

Symptoms, signs and syndromes

Answer 2

Symptoms: feelings, thoughts, physical observations that are subjective.

Signs: are objective; interpreted by the person or a health worker as linked to a physical or emotional illness

Syndromes: set of signs and symptoms that indicate a particular illness.

Question 3

Diagnosis of a mental disorder

Answer 3

Help clinicians to determine prognosis, treatment plans, and potential treatment outcomes for their patients.

Not an exact science so it needs to be used in conjunction with clinical experience.

The diagnosis of a mental disorder is not equivalent to a need for treatment.

The fact that some individuals do not show all symptoms indicative of a diagnosis should not be used to justify limiting their access to appropriate care.

Question 4

DSM-5 disorders

Answer 4

Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Intellectual Disabilities, Communication Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

• Schizophrenia (subtypes e.g. paranoid eliminated in DSM-5)
• Schizoaffective Disorders (new requirement that a major mood episode be present for a majority of the disorder’s total duration after Criterion A has been met).

Bipolar and Related Disorders

Depressive Disorders

• DSM-5 contains several new depressive disorders, including disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
• Major Depressive Disorder (no bereavement exclusion)

Anxiety Disorders

• Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia (unlinked in DSM-%)
• Social Anxiety Disorder (formerly Social Phobia)
• Separation Anxiety Disorder

Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

• Hoarding Disorder (new diagnosis)
• Body Dysmorphic Disorder
• Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder

Trauma - and Stressor-Related Disorders

• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Adjustment Disorders

Dissociative Disorders

Feeding and Eating Disorders

Elimination Disorders

Sleep-Wake Disorders

Sexual Dysfunctions

Gender Dysphoria

Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders (including gambling)

Neurocognitive Disorders

Personality Disorders

Other Mental Disorders

Question 5

Private mental healthcare

Answer 5

GPs
Private psychiatrists
Private counsellors (self-referral or agency/practitioner referral)
Private psychiatric hospitals e.g. St John of God Burwood

Question 7

Community-managed services

Answer 7

The personal helpers and mentors
Recovery and resource services program
Day to day living in the community
The housing and accommodation support initiative
The mental health family and carer support program
The mental health respite program
Family mental health support services

Question 8

Public mental health services

Answer 8

Public hospitals (acute and sub-acute)

• emergency
• inpatient
• secure/extended

Community mental health teams

• Intake (1800 011 511 directs to relevant health service)
• Acute/CoMHET (Community Mental Health Emergency Team)
• Case Management (medium to long term assessment, monitoring, and interventions for people with a ‘serious mental illness’
• Specialist services (rehab services, early intervention in psychosis, dual diagnosis, older person’s mental health team, child and adolescent mental health