3

Question 0

Self-stigmatisation

Answer 0

The process of individuals and families absorbing negative stereotypes of mental illness, and acting on these stereotypes.
Low self-esteem
Sense of shame
Low expectations (self and others)

Question 1

Stigma

Answer 1

Overt and covert disapproval expressed by a society of the personal characteristics, beliefs, behaviours, or conditions that are believed by that society to be at odds with social or cultural norms.

A social reality that discriminates:
Insiders and outsiders
Us as normal, them as deviant
Othering and dehumanise

Question 2

Recovery

Answer 2

Biomedical lens - focuses on cure, reduction of symptoms, less hospital admissions and medication.

Personal view - driven by people’s lived, subjective experience of mental illness. Outcomes include hope, choice, self-defined goals, healing, well-being and control of symptoms.

Question 3

Barriers to recovery

Answer 3

Self-stigmatisation
Side effects of medication
Expectations of family and friends:
- “I just don’t know what to do anymore. I don’t think he will ever get better.”
- Unreliable
- Withdrawal of/from relationships
Knowledge, values and attitudes of staff
- failing to treat people with mental illness with respect
- patronising or dismissive (expert role)
- “I don’t know how you work with those types of people”
- diagnostic prejudice
- failure to provide full information about service options or non-drug alternatives
- deficits approach versus strengths based approach
Employment
- job loss due to being unwell and absences
- gaps in resumes
- unsupportive workplaces
Poverty
Exclusion from services e.g. Co-morbidity and crisis accommodation
Impact of poor-decision making when unwell
- having a record
Label increases surveillance
- e.g. Parents with mental illness.

Question 4

Principles for recovery-oriented practice

Answer 4

Person-centred 
Self-determination 
Culturally respectful 
Emphasises strengths of person 
Hope and empowerment 
Protect human rights 
Challenges stigma
Staff believe recovery is possible

Question 5

Participation

Answer 5

The recognition that people who use mental health services should be vitally involved in all aspects of that service.

Including activitie where people have power or influence on the system and services that affect their lives.

Question 6

Principles of participation

Answer 6

Participation as a right 
- challenges 'sick role'
- active rather than passive 
- empowerment 
- shared decision making
Participation ensures better services
- aiming for better health outcomes

Question 7

Early intervention

Answer 7

Strategies target individuals who are displaying the early signs and symptoms of a mental health issue.
- intervene early to prevent illness getting worse when it becomes more difficult to manage. Timely and appropriate services.
- intervene early to reduce the impact of decisions and/or behaviours.
- intervene early to reduce the psychosocial barriers of illness.
Positive client outcomes
Cost savings realised over time
E.g.s Headspace, Moodgym, Lifeline, GPs

Question 8

Trauma informed care

Answer 8

High number of people involved in the mental health system have experienced abuse and other types of trauma. Links with comorbid drug and alcohol abuse.