3rd Six Weeks

Question 1

Electronic Medical Records/Electronic Health Records

Answer 1

Store patient info on a database to be accessed by medical staff treating them.

o Contact details, medical histories, conditions, test results, current treatments.

Question 2

Exam rooms have

Answer 2

computers in them.

Question 3

Medical records can be accessed from

Answer 3

handheld devices such as PDAs or tablets.

Question 4

EMR systems allow for

Answer 4

the access and update of the medical records from the patient’s bedside.

Question 5

Centralised database

Answer 5

o Housed and maintained by a hospital or healthcare provider.

o Medical staff has access to records based on their role/position.

Question 6

Personal Health Records (PHR)

Answer 6

Provided and managed by the patient.

 Stored on a cloud or the patient’s own computer.

 Can print off or give the doctor access.

 Gives more ownership and control over personal records.

Question 7

Benefits of EMR

Answer 7

Reduced costs and efficiency

 Consume minimal space, can be accessed by multiple people simultaneously

 Benefits the patient if they are unconscious or unable to speak

Question 8

(HIPPA)

Answer 8

Laws (HIPPA) regulate data privacy and provide criminal penalties for

companies that breach data protection rules.

Question 9

Many providers require patients to

Answer 9

opt-in to put their data on EMR or to opt-out and not put their data.

Question 10

Patient Simulators

Answer 10

Feature computerized systems which mimic functions of the human body.

Question 11

Advanced models feature

Answer 11

cardiac output, working lungs, reactive pupils and blood pressure systems.

Question 12

Improves the realism of medical training by

Answer 12

enabling doctors to see realistic

responses to their actions in a safe environment with no risk to real patients.

Question 13

Online Medical Advice

Answer 13

 Web sites have been created to assist in diagnosis of symptoms.

 There are telemedicine-style options to send questions via email or even live chat with a medical professional.

Question 14

Mobile Phones for Health Education

Answer 14

Areas that lack formal education.

o Africa, parts of Asia, rural areas of US.

o Many of these areas lack internet or TV.

 Projects have set up toll-free numbers and text message services.

 Can also allow for anonymity for stigmatic issues.

Question 15

Text to Change Project

Answer 15

Used in Uganda.

 Sends text message quiz questions to users.

 Helps raise AIDS/HIV awareness.

 Top scorers win prizes.

Question 16

Freedom HIV/AIDS Project

Answer 16

 Used in India.

 Uses 4 mobile phone games to tackle HIV/AIDS.

 Project has counted over 10.3 million game downloads.

Question 17

Support Group Sites

Answer 17

 Many support groups run web sites and forums to help people suffering from disease.

 Useful when locally based groups are inaccessible because patients are homebound.

Question 18

Telemedicine

Answer 18

(Telehealth) – allows medical consultations to take place when the doctor and patient are in separate physical locations

Question 19

Store-and-Forward Telemedicine

Answer 19

Use when real-time communication is not essential (i.e. test results)

 Data is collected from the patient and then sent to the doctor

 The results might be sent back to the patient at a later date, discussed during a

consultation or the patient is alerted if there is something wrong.

Question 20

Real-Time Telemedicine

Answer 20

 Face to face communication between doctors and patients

 Real-time audio allows for the patient to answer the doctor’s questions immediately.

Question 21

Telesurgery

Answer 21

Operating on a remote patient

o 2001 a doctor in New York operated on a patient in France

o Used a high speed fiber optic link to keep the lag time between input and

robot’s response to less than 200 milliseconds.

Question 22

Benefits of Telemedicine

Answer 22

 Useful to patients in remote areas where transportation to a hospital may be difficult such as on a ship

 Can receive medical attention from home which clears space in doctor’s offices and hospitals

Question 23

Disadvantages of Telemedicine

Answer 23

 Security of sending medical details

 Reliability of communication networks

 Legal issue of doctors not being licensed to work in other states or countries

Question 24

Remote Patient Monitoring

Answer 24

 Can monitor a patient who’s symptoms occur infrequently

o Sensors provide data lagging

o Sensors can be in clothes or in the home

 Elderly patients living alone can benefit

Question 25

Expert Systems

Answer 25

Also referred to as Clinical Decision Support Systems.

Question 26

Systems often specialize in

Answer 26

diagnosis in one particular area of knowledge.

Question 27

Can be integrated with

Answer 27

electronic medical records systems.

Question 28

Shown to improve

Answer 28

the quality of care and patient outcome.

Question 29

Data integrity is crucial.

Answer 29

o Incorrect results may generate incorrect treatments.

o Incorrect data input could generate incorrect treatment.

o Incorrect treatments could result in death.

Question 30

User interfaces must be clear,

Answer 30

presenting easy to understand and unambiguous recommendation and error messages.

Question 31

How Expert Systems are Set-Up

Answer 31

An expert in the field works with an engineer to design the system.

 Operates on Boolean logic and Inference rules.

o True and false results into knowledge base.

o If and Then logic.

Question 32

Virtual Reality Therapy

Answer 32

Has generally been developed to help treat PTSD and certain phobias

 Patients are exposed to the situation in a virtual environment.

 Virtual Iraq system used to treat veterans returning from combat in the Middle East.

Question 33

Prosthetic Devices

Answer 33

Patients are being provided with better prosthetic devices.

o Wounded veterans returning from Iraq/Afghanistan have been the greatest impetus for better prosthesis

 Biggest challenge is to reduce cost to make them widely available.

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Question 34

Robotic Surgery Tools

Answer 34

Not autonomous decision making tools, require significant input – not really much of a robot.

 Allow for less invasive surgery which equals faster recovery, less chance for infection, shorter hospital stays.