3rd line of defene Flashcards
1
Q
3rd Line of Defence
A
- Antigen specific
- Memory
- Tolerance to self cells
- Humoral Response
- Cell Mediated Response
2
Q
Antigens and Epitopes
A
- Antigen are components of pathogen that initiates the immune response
- Epitope is portion of antigen that is being recognised by lymphocytes to distinguish between pathogens
3
Q
Humoral Response
A
- B-cells being activated by Helper T cells to produce antibodies
- For extracellular pathogens
- Release antibodies
- RECOGNISE ANTIGENS
4
Q
Types of B-Cells
A
- Plasma B-Cell: Produce antibodies
- Memory B-Cell: Remain at site of infection in case of reinfection
5
Q
T-Cells
A
- For intracellular pathogens
- Cytotoxic T-Cell
- Helper T-Cell
- Memory T-Cell
- Suppressor T-Cell
6
Q
Helper T-Cells
A
- Secrete cytokines
- Release IL-2, B and T Cell activation
- Recognise antigens bound to MHC Class 2 molecules
7
Q
Primary Immune Response
A
- First time the specific antigen is encountered
- Activates T/B Cells
8
Q
Types of Antibodies
A
- IgA - Mucosal surfaces, saliva, tears, breastmilk
- IgE - Helminths and allergy
- IgG - Most common antibody, secreted by plasma cells, can be transferred from mother to infant
9
Q
Antibody Destruction of Pathogens
A
- Neutralisation
- Agglutination
- Precipitation
- Compliment System
- Opsonisation
10
Q
Antibody Destruction of Pathogens: NEUTRALISATION
A
- Antibodies binds to antigens to prevent pathogens from entering cells and releasing toxins
- Forms Antibody-Antigen Complex
11
Q
Antibody Destruction of Pathogens: AGGLUNTINATION
A
- Antigens binds to multiple antibodies so Antibody-Antigen Complex can aggregate
12
Q
Antibody Destruction of Pathogens: PRECIPITATION
A
- Both antigens and antibodies precipitate out of bodily fluids
13
Q
Cell Mediated Response
A
- Involves T-Cells
- Kill intracellular pathogens
- RECOGNISE EPITOPE
14
Q
MHC Classes
A
- MHC Class 1 is found on all nucleated cells and activates Cytotoxic T-Cells
- MHC Class 2 is found on antigen-presenting cells and activates Helper T-Cell
