3rd July Speech

Question 1

Stalin’s radio speech to nation. Calls Russian people to arms.

Answer 1

“Defend Mother Russia!” “The motherland”

Question 2

Nationalistic call. Patriotism / Nationalism > communist ideology

Answer 2

Opens with “Comrades!” “Brothers and sisters!” “My friends!”

Question 3

Calls for scorched earth policy?

Answer 3

Make a sacrifice to protect the motherland e.g. explode bridges / burn own homes if necessary

Question 4

collective, inclusive call. Reassures his people - unseen side of Stalin.

Answer 4

‘comrades’

Question 5

Focused on “treacherous” nature of the nazis. Stalin warning that they were not liberators - Ukraine had welcomed them, gifts of flowers and bread.

Answer 5

But Nazis saw the Ukrainians as subhuman -‘untermensch’ - brutality, killings. Hung from streetlamps.

Question 6

Twists narrative - Germany may be beating the USSR but not technically better - just more prepared.
Narrative that the Nazis had broken the Nazi Soviet Pact

Answer 6

Narrative: the Soviet were not in the wrong! Had higher moral ground, trying to achieve peace.

Question 7

“The people of the Soviet Union shall be free or fall into slavery”

Answer 7

“our glorious Red Army”

Question 8

Plan of action Stalin lays out in his Speech?

Answer 8

The USSR aims:

1. Join Soviet army
2. Work hard - produce supplies / Keep morale up - no deserters
3. Partisan units - set traps, spy, shoot / Scorched Earth Policy!!!

Question 9

A patriotic effort

Answer 9

Gives people a higher purpose, liberate the Europeans

Question 10

“Forward to our Victory!” Published in Pravda.

Answer 10

Raised morale, gave citizens hope

Question 11

Overall, how effective was Stalin at the beginning of the war?

Answer 11

Negative:

• Belief in Nazi-Soviet Pact / Disbelief in Sorge’s predictions of invasion
• Initial reaction to invasion. 10 days unseen. Out of Action

Positive:
- July 3rd Speech - ‘call to arms’ - raised morale