3Q - The Human Digestion System

Question 1

Digestion

Answer 1

• Process of breaking down food into smaller pieces

Question 2

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 2

• Food is physically broken down

Question 3

Chemical Digestion

Answer 3

• Enzymes, acids, and other substances that speed up chemical reactions

Question 4

The Path of The Digestive Tract

Answer 4

1. Oral Cavity
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small Intestine
6. Large Intestine
7. Anus

Question 5

Oral Cavity

Answer 5

• Entrance to digestive system
• known as: the mouth

Question 6

Indigestion

Answer 6

• Process of taking in food by eating or drinking

Question 7

Teeth

Answer 7

• Responsible for Mastication –> Process of crushing & grinding food
• 32 permanent teeth (Adulthood)
• 20 or fewer depending on age (Children)

Question 8

Incisors & Canines

Answer 8

• Used for cutting & tearing

Question 9

Molars & Premolars

Answer 9

• Ideal for chewing

Question 10

Parts of a tooth

Answer 10

• crown
• neck
• root
• enamal
• dentin
• pulp cavity
• gum
• blood vessels & nerves
• bone

Question 11

Crown

Answer 11

• Above the gums

Question 12

Neck

Answer 12

• Margins of the gums

Question 13

Root

Answer 13

• Holds the tooth in place

Question 14

Enamel

Answer 14

• Layer of calcium phosphate harder than a bone that covers the dentin

Question 15

Dentin

Answer 15

• Hard, bony structure that surrounds the soft pulp cavity

Question 16

Pulp Cavity

Answer 16

• Where blood vessels & nerves are found

Question 17

Tongue

Answer 17

• Long, muscular structure that perceives taste

Question 18

Papillae

Answer 18

• Where taste buds are found

Question 19

Taste Buds

Answer 19

• Tastes 5 basic sensations:
• bitter
• salty
• sweet
• sour
• umami

Question 20

Salivary Amylase

Answer 20

• Enzyme that digests starch into maltose Bolus –> small, slippery mass of food

Question 21

Nutrients

Answer 21

• Compounds in food

Question 22

Assimilation

Answer 22

• Nutrients are absorbed
• In the form of energy

Question 23

Essential Nutrients

Question 24

Assimilated Nutrients

Answer 24

• Molecules derived from the digestion of food

Question 25

Nutrients Essential for Life

Answer 25

• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Lipids
• Water

Question 26

Carbohydrates

Answer 26

• Used by the body to build & replace certain types of cells
• Provides the energy
• Ability to be broken down into glucose –> a form of simple carbohydrate and an immediate source of energy

Question 27

Deficiency in Carbohydrates

Answer 27

• Can cause long-term & short-term effects

Question 28

Long-term

Answer 28

• memory loss
• learning difficulties
• epilepsy
• paralysis

Question 29

Short-term

Answer 29

• extreme fatigue
• nausea
• muscle cramps
• irrability

Question 30

Nutrients

Answer 30

• Compounds in food

Question 31

Protiens

Answer 31

• Builds tissues
• Essential in growth & development
• Helps in transporting nemogioloin & other nutrients