3C

Question 1

active transport

Answer 1

cell uses energy (its ATP) to transport molecules
Movement from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration
Molecules are moved through a transport protein ( carrier protein ) AGAINST a concentration gradient.

Question 2

protein pumps

Answer 2

Protein Pumps -transport proteins and ions against a concentration gradient.
The protein pump changes shape to move molecules: this requires energy!

Question 3

endocytosis

Answer 3

taking bulky material into a cell, Uses energy
Cell membrane in-folds around material ( SOLID or LIQUID),
forms vacuole & digests/uses material.

Question 4

types of endocytosis

Answer 4

pinocytosis: fluids moving in
phagocytosis: solids moving in

Question 5

pinocytosis

Answer 5

Pinocytosis occurs when a cells plasma membrane engulfs a drop of extracellular fluid.

Question 6

phagocytosis

Answer 6

the bulk transport of solid materials into a cell.

Question 7

exocytosis

Answer 7

Forces material out of cell in bulk
Material is enclosed into a vesicle at the Golgi bodies
Vesicle moves to the plasma membrane and fuses with the membrane.
Contents of vesicle are released out of the cell
Cell changes shape – requires energy
Eg. Hormones or wastes released from
cell
Exocytotic vesicle immediately after fusion with plasma membrane and release of contents to extracellular environment.

Question 8

EXOCYTOSIS IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Answer 8

A nerve cell communicates to another cell by releasing chemicals (NEUROSTRANSMITTERS) via exocytosis into the synapse.
(the gap between two neurons).